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Rajinder Kashyap

All of these articles by Rajinder Kashyap
SOCIAL JUSTICE FORUM ON LOKPAL
ROOM NO. 119, INDIAN SOCIAL INSTITUTE,
10 INSTITUTIONAL AREA, LODI ROAD, NEW DELHI-110003

Forwarded by
RK Kashyap

Dated: 01. 09. 2011
To

Dr. Abhishek Manu Singhvi, Chairperson,
Parliamentary Standing Committee on Personnel, Public Grievances, Law & Justice, Room No. 201, 2nd Floor,
Rajya Sabha Secretariat, Parliament Annexe, New Delhi-110001.

Kind Attention:

Shri K.P. Singh, Director,
Rajya Sabha Secretariat, 201, Second Floor, Parliament House Annexe, New Delhi – 110 001

Hon’ble Sir,
I am, herewith, enclosing a copy of the Memorandum of the demands of Social Justice Forum on Lokpal to the Hon’ble Parliamentary Standing Committee on Personnel, Public Grievances, Law and Justice, on the Lokpal Bill, 2011 for due consideration of the Hon’ble Standing Committee. The above mentioned forum is ratified platform of nearly forty grassroots organizations of SC, ST, OBC, Religious Minority communities and Women organizations.

2. The demands raised by us in the enclosed MEMORANDUM were also deliberated in both the Houses of the Parliament in the debate on 27. 8. 2011.

3. I, along with the representatives of the SC, ST, OBC and Religious Minorities and Women’s Organisations listed in the enclosure are willing and desirous of appearing before the Hon’ble Standing Committee for oral evidence.

4. We, therefore, humbly request your Hon’ble Self to grant us an opportunity to appear before the Committee and present our rightful demands and genuine aspirations for an inclusive Lokpal Bill to ensure due representation and concerns of the above mentioned marginalized communities.

Thanking you,
Yours faithfully,
(Dr. Selvaraj Arulnathan) Secretary
Social Justice Forum on Lokpal, Room No: 119, Indian Social Institute, 10 Institutional Area, Lodi Road, New Delhi – 110 003.
Mob. No: +91 9013496467, Email Id: aselvasj@gmail.com

Encl: as above

We, the members of Social Justice Forum on Lokpal (SJFL) comprising of Dalits, Adivasis, OBCs, Religious Minorities, women and all those in support of the cause of these marginalized people, affirm that corruption in all its forms, expressions and ramifications has to be weeded out/rooted out and for the same an effective Lokpal at the Centre and Lokayuktas in the states are necessary and even imperative.
It is very shameful and even shocking that corruption is omnipresent in every fabric of our power structure especially in the inequalities that determine social, political and economic processes. Corruption in both public and private domains is a matter of great concern for all citizens, particularly Dalits, Adivasis and other marginalized communities.

We, the citizens belonging to the marginalized communities, are subjected to all forms of corrupt practices that include discrimination, exclusion, and denial of access to rights, entitlements and human dignity. We believe that these are the worst forms of corruption than those mentioned in various Lokpal Bills. The very definition of corruption tends to ignore the forms which subjugate and further marginalize the weaker sections. Hence the definition should be widened to include all forms of discriminatory and exclusionary practices both in public and private sectors. Also utmost care should be given to include all forms of corruption in public and private sectors in the final Lokpal Bill. Therefore, we demand that corporate frauds like misappropriation of natural resources, accumulation of black money, tax evasion and negligence of corporate social accountability should be included within the ambit of revised Lokpal Bill.

Our experience clearly indicates that law alone cannot eradicate those forms of corruption that dehumanize, discriminate and enslave people in the government as well as in the private sectors. We need to challenge and change those systems and structures that promote, justify and perpetuate corruption especially caste based discrimination and atrocities against Dalits and Adivasis. On the other hand, values such as social equity and equality should be promoted, strengthened and safeguarded.
There are ample evidences and instances to assert that Dalits and Adivasis are often made victims of false implications due to their social and political vulnerability and caste prejudices and perversion. Hence, it is imperative that there should be adequate legal and other safeguards in the Bill to protect the interests and sovereignty of Dalits, Adivasis and OBC’s and religious minorities.
Hence, we demand that the revised draft takes into account the perspectives and rightful constitutional safeguards of Dalits, Adivasis, OBCs, Religious Minorities and Women (and their interests) and also incorporate their proportionate representation both in the Search Committee/ selection committee in the Lokpal and its investigating agencies.

The Constitution of India, framed by the Founding Fathers of the Nation under the esteemed leadership of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar is still the best suited document of governance with its Parliamentary systems and practices. The special provisions for the protection and advancement of Dalits, Adivasis, OBCs, Religious Minorities and Women including reservation system are important tools to ensure social justice in the country. This aspect should never be sacrificed or weakened under any circumstance and for any reason whatsoever. This will amount to gross violation of all Human Rights laws and dictates of the inalienable qualities of humanity.

We learn that there are different versions of Lokpal Bills (The Lokpal Bill by the Government, Jan Lokpal Bill by Anna Hazare Team and the NCPRI’s Bill by Aruna Roy and others) under consideration. We demand that the concerns and constitutional safety net of all the marginalized communities are respected and given utmost importance and priority in drafting the Anti-Corruption Bill.

We also urge that the various versions of the Lokpal Bill drafted by various groups, including Jan Lokpal Bill require detailed and elaborate discussion, debate and public scrutiny before it is enacted as law. We urge that Lokpal Bill is a very serious issue and it should be discussed in an open and transparent manner in order to ensure the diverse opinions of all stakeholders. We believe that the Parliament and the Standing Committee are important constituencies in creating this space. Any hasty and haphazard decision and enactment of the bill under any pressure will certainly create a wedge in the society and lead to greater damage to the cohesiveness of the nation and destroy the highly celebrated values of Indian nationalism and dearly nurtured sentiment of unity in diversity.

Therefore we demand the following measures within specified time frame:
The Government of India should; 1. Withdraw the Draft Lokpal Bill, 2011 and dissolve the Parliamentary Standing Committee set up to consider the Bill.
2. Constitute new Drafting Committee consisting of previous members of the drafting committee from the Government and civil society groups (Team Anna) in addition to representatives of different political parties and wider civil society organizations including representatives from SC, ST, OBC, Religious Minority communities and Women.
3. The revised draft adopted by the new Drafting Committee shall be placed before the Parliament; and the Parliament can refer the revised Bill to a new Parliamentary Standing Committee for wider consultations with various groups and communities, political parties within specified time.
4. There should be due representation of SCs, STs, OBCs and Religious Minorities and Women in the Lokpal Search committee, in its Selection Committee and its investigating agencies.
5. The definition of corruption should be expanded to include corporate corruptions, corruption in NGOs, corruption in Media, corruption in Panchayats, Municipalities, Municipal Corporations, other autonomous local bodies and judiciary, the discriminatory and exclusionary practices suffered by SC/ST/OBC and Religious Minorities, exploitation of labour like bonded labour, forced labour, and all other forms of exploitation and discrimination.
6. Corruption should also include non-utilisation of funds/mis-utilisation of funds, diversions of funds meant for Schedule caste under Special Component Plan (SCP) and Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP).
7. Corruption should also include the discriminatory practices observed in the education institutions from Primary education to higher and professional education. Denial of reservation, fraudulence in the affirmative action against SC/STs/OBC/ and Religious Minorities, ill-treatment of students from the above communities, and threat to their safety and interest in and outside such educational institutions should also be treated as corrupt practice and stringent action should be taken against the perpetrators of such practices, institutions and teachers/professors who practice, encourage others to practice and also neglect such injustice when brought to their notice.
8. In the present system employees belonging to SC, ST, OBCs and Religious Minority communities are victimised due to prejudices against them. We, therefore, demand that the complaints received against persons belonging to these communities should be first sent for vetting to the Constitutional bodies established for the protection of these groups.
(Dr. Selvaraj Arulnathan)
Secretary
Social Justice Forum on Lokpal
Room No: 119, Indian Social Institute,
10 Institutional Area, Lodi Road
New Delhi – 110 003
Mob. No: +91 9013496467
Email Id: aselvasj@gmail.com

On Behalf of Social Justice Forum on Lokpal
1. Dr. Selvaraj Arulnathan, Secretary, Indian Social Institute, New Delhi-110003.
2. Prof. Vivek Kumar, Common Concern, New Delhi.
3. Paul Divakar, General Secretary, National Campaign on Dalit Human Rights (NCDHR), New Delhi.
4. Adv. Rajendra Gautam, National Secretary, Samta Sainik Dal, New Delhi.
5. Dr. Sunil Sardar, Satya Shodak Samaj, South Extension-II, New Delhi
6. Dr. (Smt.) Vimal Thorat, Dalit Lekhak Sangh, New Delhi
7. Anusuchit Jati Anusuchit Janjati Adhikari Karamchari Sangh (AJJAKS), Madhya Pradesh.
8. Dr. SDJM Prasad, General Secretary, NCDHR-National Dalit Movement for Justice,
9. Asha Kowtal, All India Dalit Mahila Adhikar Manch, NCDHR, New Delhi.
10. Anand Rao, All India Forum for Dalit Human Rights, New Delhi.
11. Teesta Seetalvad - People’s Union for Human Rights, Mumbai.
12. Justice BG Kolse Patil, Pune
13. Javed Anand – Communalism Combat and Sabrang, Mumbai.
14. Franklin Caesar Thomas, National Council of Dalit Christians
15. Shri Mahender Singh Badgurjar, President, IT SEWA, Delhi.
16. P.S. Krishan, IAS (retired), Former Secretary, Govt of India
17. Ashok Bharti, National Confederation of Dalit Organisations
18. Nanak Chand, National Action Forum for Social Justice, Dehradun.
19. Prof M. H. Jawahirullah MLA- President, Manithaneya Makkal Katchi, TN.
20. Mr. Suresh Bhosale, Friends of Society (General Secretary), Mumbai.
21. Mr. Sumedh Jadhav, Friends of Society (President)
22. Mr. Suresh Sawant, Republican Party of India (National Organiser), Mumbai.
23. Adv. Pandit Lokhande -Legal Aid-Centre (Chief), Mumbai.
24. Mr. K. K. Sitasawant- Educationist, Mumbai.
25. Mr. Kiran Channe - Dena Bank SC/ST (Organiser), Mumbai.
26. Mr. Arvind Nikalaje- Dalit Poet, Mumbai.
27. Mr. J. V. Pawar- Dalit Writer, Mumbai.
28. Mr. Sharad Gaikwad- Journalist and Activist, Mumbai.
29. Mr. Sambhaji Bhagat- Vidrohi Sanskrutik Chalval (Folk Singer), Mumbai.
30. Smt. Urmila Pawar- Dalit Author, Mumbai.
31. Smt. Heeratai Pawar- Activist, Mumbai.
32. Smt. Ushatai Ambore- Ambedkari Mission (Activist), Mumbai.
33. Sri. Paramjit Singh, Dalit Intellectuals Forum for Human Rights, Delhi.
34. Sri. Bujpal, National Vice President, Bahujan Diversity Mission, New Delhi.
35. Major Somnath, President, Ambedkar Mission, Gurdaspur, Punjab.
36. Shri Jitendar Kumar, General Secretary, Ambedkar Chetna Manch, Dina Nagar, Distt. Gurdaspur, Punjab.
37. Sri Kewal Krishan, Secretary, Ambedkar Sewa Manch, Gurdaspur, Punjab
38. Sri. Sudesh, Sabana Foundation, New Delhi.
39. Dr. Sudesh, MARGDARSHAN, Kotla, New Delhi.
40. Dr. Ravinder Singh, Manav Care Foundation, New Delhi
41. Mr. Braham Pal, All India P&T SC and ST Federation, Jhandewalan, Karol Bagh, New Delhi-110005.

Posted on September 12, 2011
A PROGENITOR OF RECIPE OF HARA-KIRI OF BAHUJANS:
HAZARE’S SELF STYLED CIVIL SOCIETY

Introduction:

In this country everyone is suffering corruption of some kind or other at the hands of people in position of social, economic and political power. The poor, downtrodden, Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, OBCs and religious minorities are the worst suffers of this malice. All those who talk of eradicating corruption are welcome but one has to go much beyond the hypocritic façade of such organisations and individuals to bring to the fore the real intents of such individuals, movements to unravel their hidden agenda.

It would be proper to quote Dr. Ambedkar who pointed to the continuance of 'historical injustice' by stating, "the youths who fill the universities and who follows the Pandits lead are ever ready to fight the political battle of India against the British. But what do these children of the leisured class Hindus have done to redress the wrongs their forefathers have done to the Untouchables? You can get thousands of Hindu youths to join political propaganda but cannot get one single youth to take up the cause of breaking the caste system or of removing Untouchability. Democracy and democratic life, justice and conscience which are sustained by a belief in democratic principle are foreign to the Hindu mind."

How aptly Arundhati Roy has analyzed the agitation launched by K.B.B. Hazare when she says, “you could say that the Maoists and the Jan Lokpal Bill have one thing in common — they both seek the overthrow of the Indian State. One working from the bottom up, by means of an armed struggle, waged by a largely Adivassi army, made up of the poorest of the poor. The other, from the top down, by means of a bloodless Gandhian coup, led by a freshly minted saint, and an army of largely urban, and certainly better off people."

Civil Society – who are they?

Hazare share the attitude and belief of Mr. M.K. Gandhi’s on untouchables or Scheduled Caste or Dalits and holds the view, “It was Mahatma Gandhi's vision that every village should have one Chamar, one Sunar, one Kumhar and so on. They should all do their work according to their role and occupation, and in this way, a village will be self-dependant. This is what we are practicing in “Ralegan Siddhi.”

Further, it must be known to each SC, ST, OBC that members of Team Hazare have also been associated with Youth for Equality, the anti-reservation movement started by some frenzied individuals to rob SCs, STs and OBCs of their rightful representation in the affairs of administration of state in this country. Arundhati Roy states that the campaign of Hazare is being handled by people who run a clutch of generously funded NGOs whose donors include Coca-Cola and the Lehman Brothers. Kabir and has received $400,000 from the Ford Foundation in the last three years. Among contributors to the ‘India against Corruption’ campaign there are Indian companies and foundations that own aluminum plants, build ports and SEZs, and run Real Estate businesses and are closely connected to politicians who run financial empires that run into thousands of crores of rupees. Some of them are currently being investigated for corruption and other crimes. From these details and facts any individual of ordinary intelligence can infer as to who are the individuals who are fanning this campaign.

As could be seen from various reports appearing in print and electronic media, Hazare does support Marathi Manoos xenophobia and has praised the ‘development model' of a particular state in India where allegation of connivance of mass murder of Muslims have been made in the year 2002 on the leadership, though he retracted from the said statement after a public outcry. He is all praise for a developmental model where unhindered Liberalization, Globalization and privatization is praised and practiced.

Issue of Corruption

Before broaching the subject of corruption, one has to understand in clear terms and find answer to the question, Is corruption a “cause” or an “effect”? If an individual is suffering from cancer but he takes medicine of fever or cough or weakness, is he going to recover? Even a layman would give answer as ‘NO’ because the cause of illness is cancer and fever, cough or weakness is mere effects of malice of Cancer. The treatment of cough, fever or weakness would not mitigate cancer. Similarly, the causes of corruption are rooted somewhere else, while, the malice of corruption is an effect. One cannot mitigate the causes by removing the effects. Therefore, one has to uproot the causes for lasting solutions to malice like corruption. Some of the important causes of spread of corruption to mammoth scale is unrelenting pursuit of policy of ‘Liberalisation, Privatization and Globalization’ in the country for last over two decades.

Arundhati Roy validly raising a question on the issue of corruption when she says,” Is corruption just a matter of legality, of financial irregularity and bribery, or is it the currency of a social transaction in an egregiously unequal society, in which power continues to be concentrated in the hands of a smaller and smaller minority? Imagine, for example, a city of shopping malls, on whose streets hawking has been banned. A hawker pays the local beat cop and the man from the municipality a small bribe to break the law and sell her wares to those who cannot afford the prices in the malls. Is that such a terrible thing? In future will she have to pay the Lokpal representative too? Does the solution to the problems faced by ordinary people lie in addressing the structural inequality, or in creating yet another power structure that people will have to defer to?”

Just see how true are last three lines of her statement which naïve Anna’s team is unable to understand?

Slavery under Globalization Regime:

Six and a half decades ago when this country became independent, the Vision and Mission was determined by ‘WE THE PEOPLE’ to build this country as enlightened and humane society in the world. We the people do not mean a handful of individuals nor few thousand nor a couple of lakhs. The majority living in this country is SC, ST, OBCs and religious minorities and the impact in form of dispossession of following the new economic policy pursued in the country has been the most on these Bahujans. It may require a detail analysis and production of empirical data for analyzing the impact of liberalization, privatization and globalization in India but at this juncture it is not essentially required as direct impact of such policies are directly visible on this section of society in India. The policy of 'crony capitalism' adopted in India is, infact, perpetuating ‘caste capitalism' based on adharma. The economy in India has been controlled based on the tenants of caste-system.

Dr. Ambedkar aptly stated that in such a system ('caste-economy'), there is no division of labour but'division of laboures'. The principle of graded inequality has been carried into the economic field. The Hindu Social Order (HSO) relies upon the principle of ‘To each according to his nobility’ rather than ‘each according to his need’. The Hindu Social Order does not believe in equal need, equal work or equal ability as the basis of reward for labour. Its motto is that in regard to the distribution of the good things of life those who are reckoned as the highest must get the most and the best and those who are called as the lowest must accept the least and the worst.

The social, economic, political and cultural system being practiced by the upper caste elite in this country is a form of "imperialism" and is instrumental in the denial of liberty, equality, fraternity, dignity and justice. This system is incompatible with the laudable ideals of liberty, equality, fraternity, justice and democracy. The system of untouchability is a 'goldmine' for the upper castes in this country where a Dalits or a tribal have no social security and upper caste own everything - the land, trade and also the state by which they control the source of revenue and profits.

The Human Development Report 2010 gives a very dismal picture of development of Human Development in India, with 55.4% suffering from Multi Dimensional Poverty (MDP). 75.6% of population earning $2 a day and 41.6% $ 1.25 a day; 12% of children under the age of 14 yrs. forced to do child labour. Almost 44% children malnourished and lack cognitive development. The Education for All report of UNESCO gives the deprivation in education with 45% students dropping out after elementary education (79% of ST & 69.1% of SC student dropout from standard X. 7.14 million children are out of school. It is very significant know that the data ford notified Tribes, Notified Tribes, OBCs and Religious Minorities is not readily available in Census, NSSO or Health Surveys. If it would have been available, one thing could have been crystal clear that a majority of 80-90% of those out of school, in child Labour, dropped out, lacking cognitive development and those earning less than $2 or $1.25 a day are Bahujans (Dalits, Tribals, Backwards).

The policy of liberalization, privatization and globalization has in no way reduced the inequalities, nor has it provided the SCs, STs, DTs, socio-economic opportunities, on the contrary, it has increased the gulf between haves and have-nots and few have Billionaires in a very short time in this country without toiling and soiling there hand. The state which was planned to distribute the capital and assets and enable equal opportunities with preferential treatment to the disadvantaged under the Constitution is being reduced in capability to perform its original role. Even the World Development Report acknowledged the inequality trap due to caste, gender and religious discrimination in India.

It could be well understood from all above that’ economic globalization' and its impact on India that laissez-fare capitalist model of globalization has become not merely 'crony capitalism' but indeed ‘caste capitalism’ with the ‘factor of production' (land, labour, capital, entrepreneurship, technology and human capital) and the 'control of markets' being owned mostly the Brahmin, Baniya and Big Zamindar. Whereas, the Dalits, Adivasis, Denotified and Nomadic Tribes, Backward, Muslims, are made either the ‘producers’ or ‘consumers’ but not the owners in this caste capitalism organized by liberalization, privatization and globalization. So the 'caste slavery' even under the globalization continues, based on control of capital, knowledge, technology, -assets & human capital by the Brahmin, Bania and BigZamindar (land lords) is a fact of 'human life' which cannot be simply overlooked.

India might be growing @ of 7-8% GDP per annum but not so the "85% India". The' growth' is not being translated into 'equity' and 'human development' due to 'caste capitalism'. It is rendering the Directive Principles of State Policy (Part IV of the Constitution), which envisage a 'Welfare State' and abolition of socio-economic inequalities as futile. The Indian elites by the growing economic and military power of India aspire to make it a major power with both 'soft power and hard power' in the name of national security, peace and prosperity without any adherence to human rights, justice and peace in India and the world.

Thus, the present form of globalization is not only violating the constitutional rights, safeguards and provisions and human rights but also blowing up the 'edifice' of justice (social justice, distributive justice, economic justice), equality; liberty; dignity; equity; justice; equity and development which the modem world has came to terms. The movement like that of Hazare and his associates are further creating an environment having fascist’s overtones and would pave way for Hindu Imperialist forces in this country. This is a very serious concern and must be dealt with at the earliest by us for our India and the world.

Under relentless pursuit towards liberation, privatization and globalization, the State is withdrawing from its traditional duties and Corporations and NGOs are taking over government functions like water supply, electricity, transport, telecommunication, mining, health, education with the active association, power and reach of the corporate owned media which is controlling the public imagination, the fight to justice, equality, dignity and justice is further difficult.

Further, the demand may be raised for legalizing Corporate Corruption in the name of Lobbying Fee.

If anyone has to initiate a HUNGER STRIKE, it should be for above mentioned reasons.

After going through such stands of Anna, one can only understand that he is an upholder of atrocious process of Globalization, its hunger for profit, efficiency, virtually leading to economic exploitation - the worsening terms of trade, less return for more work, equal competition for unequal standards in technology, hidden taxation at multiple levels in addition to user charges for private facilities, agribusiness, rules favorable to mobile capital and free enterprises (i.e. no rules) increased joblessness, migrations etc. There by a contributor to enhance poverty and fall in human development indicators. In many basic services 'privatization' has not benefited that poor but it remains the prime concern of WTO,IMF and World Bank.

Why not fast on to death to stop atrocities on Dalits, Tribals, OBC and Minorities?

Every day in this country there are incidents where Dalits, Tribals and minorities are humiliated. The women folk of Dalits and Tribals are paraded naked in the villages and towns, they are killed in inter-caste rivalries, their land and homes are arsoned and gutted in fire, their children are humiliated in school, colleges, universities and professional institutions of national repute. Sadly, any Hazare is yet to sit on fast on to death to put an end to these atrocities.

Separation of Power and Checks and Balances:

This dreadful crisis has happened due to utter failure of India's representative democracy. The criminal background representatives and millionaire politicians have failed to take up people’s cause in the legislature. Democracy is based on principle of Checks and Balances and on the theory of Separation of Power. One ‘Lokpal’ overseeing Legislatures, Executive and Judiciary would become a Monster which will eat everyone. The actions of Legislators within the Legislature or say on the floor of the House should not come under scrutiny at all.

Supremacy of the Constitution:

The idea of ‘Referendum’ as effective tool to settle disputing issue is figment of imagination of some people. In Democracy, the Constitution is supreme and disputes need to be resolved within the framework of the Constitution. The stand of self styled civil society is even attack on the supremacy of the Constitution and the Parliament of this nation. As stated above, any issue concerning any matter in this country has to be settled within the purview of the Constitution by the Parliament. Therefore, all demands for a referendum on any of the issues must be condemned, rejected and ignored.

Civil Society must have representatives of Bahujans in majority:

Hazare is playing a joke on the nation by taking 5 people and calling themselves as Civil Society. As stated above, 85% people living in this country are from SC, ST, OBCs, hence any Civil Society in which the representatives of these communities are not there cannot be called as Civil Society.

One Lokpal for everything is not acceptable:

Contrary to the principles of separation of powers on the basis of which Democracy functions, the Jan Lokpal Bill is a draconian anti-corruption law, in which a panel of carefully chosen people will administer a giant bureaucracy, with thousands of employees, with the power to police everybody from the Prime Minister, the judiciary, members of Parliament, and all of the bureaucracy, down to the lowest government official. The Lokpal will have the powers of investigation, surveillance, and prosecution. Except for the fact that it won't have its own prisons, it will function as an independent administration, meant to counter the bloated, unaccountable, corrupt one that we already have.

Any Lokpal must have the following provision;


The definition of corruption should be expanded to include corporate corruptions, corruption in NGOs, corruption in Media, corruption in Panchayats, Municipalities, Municipal Corporations, other autonomous local bodies and judiciary, the discriminatory and exclusionary practices suffered by SC/ST/OBC and Religious Minorities, exploitation of labour like bonded labour, forced labour, and all other forms of exploitation and discrimination.

Corruption should also include non-utilisation of funds/mis-utilisation of funds, diversions of funds meant for Schedule caste under Special Component Plan (SCP) and Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP).

Corruption should also include the discriminatory practices observed in the education institutions from Primary education to higher and professional education. Denial of reservation, fraudulence in the affirmative action against SC/STs/OBC/ and Religious Minorities, ill-treatment of students from the above communities, and threat to their safety and interest in and outside such educational institutions should also be treated as corrupt practice and stringent action should be taken against the perpetrators of such practices, institutions and teachers/professors who practice, encourage others to practice and also neglect such injustice when brought to their notice.

Misuse of funds allocated for the Development of SC, ST, OBCs must come under Lokpal.

Any Lokpal must be representative and shall have majority of individuals from Bahujans, even committee to screen the candidates for the posts in Lokpal should also be representative and should have majority of Bahujans.

The Constitutional Guarantees given under Article 311 to government employees and mandatory consultation with the CVC and UPSC should not be diluted in the case in the case of employees.

The National Commission for SC, ST and body made for OBC’s must be consulted.

All private entities, corporations, the media, and NGOs - are kept away from the control of proposed Lokpal must be brought under the ambit of Lokpal.

Team Hazare and pseudo Civil Society has been able to mount pressure by politicians bashing and cleverly leaving media off the hook. Lokpal should address this aspect as media itself is involved in immense corruption.

Constitute new Drafting Committee consisting of previous members of the drafting committee from the Government and civil society groups (Team Anna) in addition to representatives of different political parties and wider civil society organizations including representatives from SC, ST, OBC, Religious Minority communities and Women.

The revised draft adopted by the new Drafting Committee shall be placed before the Parliament; and the Parliament can refer the revised Bill to a new Parliamentary Standing Committee for wider consultations with various groups and communities, political parties within specified time.

There should be due representation of SCs, STs, OBCs and Religious Minorities and Women in the Lokpal Search committee, in its Selection Committee and its investigating agencies.

In the present system employees belonging to SC, ST, OBCs and Religious Minority communities are victimized due to prejudices against them. We, therefore, demand that the complaints received against persons belonging to these communities should be first sent for vetting to the Constitutional bodies established for the protection of these groups.

Conclusion:

By painting only the Government as demon, an endeavor is being made by some people to create a platform to demand withdrawal of the State from the public sphere and give further impetus to Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization agenda and rob the nation’s natural resources. This is not acceptable

The issue of right and wrong are closely linked to the consciences and moral values and cannot be decided by show of strength by shouting or voting on the floor of the houses. In a Democracy, Parliament is sovereign and it represents will of the people. The hysterical situation created by Anna and his associates through inciting public frenzy. Such tactics could pave way for wrong decision making which could be detrimental to the rights and entitlements of SCs, STs, OBCs and religious minorities living in this country and for which generations may have to suffer later on.

Therefore, it is pleaded that do not be fooled by the flag waving imperialist. Please guide your brethren on this evil design and tell them to desist from evil designed movement of Mr. Anna’s and his associates. We want an inclusive and comprehensive LOKPAL which tackles the problems faced by all of us in our daily lives.

Rajinder Kashyap, New Delhi
Posted on September 8, 2011

COMMENTS ON THE OBSERVATION OF PROF. DHESI
ON THE BOOK OF PATRICK FRENCH – “INDIA : A PORTRAIT”
?Patrick French is not the only one or even among first few to write about the malady faced by the Indian Democracy from the people of princely – monarchial milieu. Before, Patrick French, an apt analysis of India Democracy has been done by Prof. Ram Chander Guha in his book “INDIA AFTER GANDHI”. Fittingly, he has termed the Indian Democracy as Dynastic – Feudal- Democracy.

?The data like every MP in Lok Sabha under the age of 30 had inherited a seat, almost 70% of the MPs aged 40 or under are hereditary MPs, every Congress MP under the age of 35 was a hereditary MP, nearly 40% of the 66 ministers who are members of the Lok Sabha were hereditary members, nearly 70% of women MPs have family connections, is no doubt very disturbing and presents a very gloomy picture of democracy in India for common persons.

?Though conducting election at fixed interval of five years is a democratic process but merely conducting election once in five years or even earlier (in case of mid-term polls) cannot be construed Democracy or well functioning of Democracy.

?It would be apt to state that Democracy is neither a political, nor economic nor social concern taken separately. Nor it is just taken all together. It is a moral ideal, a statement of relations which shall prevail amongst the human beings. It is a hypothesis, if not a firm belief, that if man creates proper institutions, his better possibilities would actualize themselves. It is a faith in man’s possibilities. Democracy, as a methodology, is based on the pious principles of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity. Democracy thrives in democratic society and democratic distribution and utilization of resources for development of human being who resolves to adopt democracy as way of life.

?Democratic goals cannot be separated from Democratic methods. The goal is in the method and end is in the means. This is generally the democratic belief. The hypothesis of Democracy appears to be falling apart in this country as the methodology adopted to build moral ideals is not yielding desired results for building democratic life in this country. The country is fast moving towards absolutism of one class of people irrespective whoever rules.

?Most revered Baba Sahib Ambedkar waged a fierce war whole his life to eliminate social inequalities in this society andsphere headed the movement of introduction of democratic methodology in political, economic and social system as moral ideals in the society and culture of this country. He succeeded in embedding the founding pillars on which the edifice of social, economic and political, democratic life was to be erected and sustained in times to come.

?Baba Sahib Dr. Ambedkar has forewarned the people ofthe country of this situation when he handed over the newlyenacted Constitution of India. He said that we would be living a life of duality in the sense that politically all citizens would be equal, whereas, socially it would be a society of graded inequality made complex by heterogeneity of religion and regions. Both these situations are mutually contradictory and cannot coexist. The core of all these ills is the continued practice Casteism and untouchability in India. The democratic system requires exhaustive reforms. The interests of majority (85%) cannot be protected by not providing them competent leadership capable of taking up their issues strongly in the legislature. Though representation is provided but as correctly emphasized by Baba Sahib Dr. B.R. Ambedkar and later on byManyavar Kanshi Ram ji that the system would create only stooge who would remain on the beck and call of their upper caste masters heading political parties. A class and generationof new stooges is emerging with passage of time in last 64 years of independence. Much more effective and accountable mechanism of representation needs to be worked out andattained through far more potent struggle. The untouchability has gone psychological and physical from mere physical half a century back. The governing class in India is trying to impose “Code of Manu” in the democratic India and demolishing the heart and soul of democratic ideals and democratic lifeenshrined in the laudable Constitutional ideals. This needs to be stopped through struggle by the disadvantaged majority. The disadvantaged majority needs to critically learn and understand the history of this country for last 3500 years for wagingstruggle, otherwise, they shall fall in a ghetto of slavery, servitude and live a life worst than animals.

?In the land of 20 million Gods and Goddesses, the ideals like morality, truth and compassion are victim and sufferer.None of Gods or Goddesses has ever exercised their power to curse and destroy their immoral and unethical followers. The plebeians have to raise high, wage struggle and reform this Dynastic-Feudal-Democracy and make it a real Democracy and live with dignity in Indian society.

Rajinder Kashyap,
New Delhi
.
(Posted on May 20, 2011)

GLOWING TRIBUTES PAID TOCHANAN CHAHA

WHY SONIA GANDHI NEEDS TO STAND UP
AND TAKE CHARGE OF INDIA ’S
GRAND OLD PARTY

FALSE ADMIRATION
Mr. Rajinder Kashyap's response to the comments
written by Prof Autar Dhesi with caption, “Leadership - Indian Political System.
I write this in response to the comments written by Prof Autar Dhesi with caption, “Leadership - Indian Political System.

I am sure that Prof. Dhesi knows that functioning of Democracy is dependent on the democratic functioning of Political Parties. If you view the functioning of democracy in India from Jammu and Kashmir to Tamil Nadu, it would reveal that the political class is perpetuating Dynastic – Feudal system through their own political class of sycophants. It is anti-thesis of democracy and cannot be epitomized as democratic functioning. None who is interested in perpetuating such a system could be revered as intelligent and sophisticated. The political party which was moving towards establishing internal democracy was captured and entwined again in the clutches of family control in a dynastic mode. This with no stretch of imagination can be termed as Democracy?

I dare to say that Queen Marie Antoinette and King Louis XVI of France were perhaps more sophisticated. The French Parliament had three Estates and said to have practicing Democracy and working for the welfare of people. Beautiful narration of such a system was made by Voltaire in his novel Candide where he say, “I was once a servant in the College of Assumption, so I know how the reverend fathers govern as well as I know the streets of Cadiz. It’s a wonderful system they have. There are thirty provinces in their kingdom, and it is more than three hundred leagues across. The reverend fathers own the whole lot, and the people own nothing …...”. That’s what I call a masterpiece of reason and justice. World saw what happened to those exploitative systems of governance and administration.

As I said above, the Indian Political System is nothing else but a system which perpetuates and creates a rule of family, dynasty, feudals and fiefdoms. None except the people of this country can stand up for bringing change and taking charge. Where is the need to take charge when whatever power required is exercised, whatever authority required is enjoyed without accountability and responsibility?. Nowhere in the democratic world, could such a convenient system of quid-pro-quo be tolerated except in this country.

The Government of United Progressive Alliance (UPA)-II is a continuation of UPA-I from the year 2004 onwards. Not even one promise for development and progress of BAHUJANS particularly (Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes) made by the UPA in its Common Minimum Programme (CMP) has been fulfilled or achieved. If one has doubt, one may refer to the CMP-2004 of UPA-I government.

A version of Family - Dynastic - Feudal democracy has been invented in India which is being practiced to protect the interests of miniscule few at the cost of Bahujans. What European ideals of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity have been implemented by the Indian Leadership in the society of this country? Everyone must know that most of people of generations of freedom fighters were educated in Europe & USA and were well aware of those ideals but when they came back to this land, they could not move away from the belief of Varna Ashram Dharma and they meekly surrendered before it. When I say this, I am referring to Mr. M.K. Gandhi who is considered as the topmost messiah who brought freedom to this land. Even today, the Indian working in Silicon Valley and earning in millions come back to their village to seek marriage alliance of their own caste.

India was squeezed by Gulams, Sayyids, Lodhis, Tuglaks, Mughals, Nadir Shahs and Abdalis. Then came the White Mughals during the reign of East India Company, followed by Crown Mughals and now it is the time of native Mughals to plunder. The future of democracy lies in deep dismay in this land where dynastic - feudal democracy is on upsurge. Prof. Dhesi may know that men are known for their actions which produce results for the betterment of humanity in general. The central focus of great men has always been the welfare and progress of poorest of the poor. But no fruitful suggestion has been proposed by Prof. Dhesi through which the grand old party is to be saved from the clutches of Dynastic and Feudal controls and is proposed to be made a real democratic entity. The only hope is the enlighten countrymen who may strive towards establishing a just, equal and fraternal order in the Republic and establish a real democracy.

Posted on September 15, 2010

BRIEF ON GROSS MISUSE OF FUNDS ALLOCATED
FOR SC/ST BY DELHI GOVERNMENT
For consideration of Hon’ble Members of Parliament
Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha And Member Legislative Assemble of Delhi
Other public spirited persons fighting for the cause of Depressed and Downtrodden
   

Provision of Special Component Plan (SCP) was introduced during the year 1979-80 and Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) was introduced subsequently for the development of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in India. Delhi Government adopted this plan during the year 2006-07.

2. The Guidelines on the SCP and TSP circulated by Shri R. Sridharan, Joint Secretary (SP), Planning Commission, Government of India, New Delhi to Planning Secretaries of all States and UTs vide D.O. letter no. M-13011/3/2005/SP-CO dated October 31st 2005. The same has been provided under RTI on 8.6.07. The details of Guidelines are enumerated as under;

2.1 The Main objectives of this scheme are:

• Substantial reduction in poverty and employment;
• Creation of productive assets in favour of SCs/STs to sustain the growth likely to accrue through development efforts.
• Human resource development of SCs/STs by providing educational and health services;
• Provision of physical and financial security against all types of exploitation and oppression;

2.2. Action Plan:

To achieve the above objectives, the following points are to be taken into account strictly while formulating SCP and TSP;

• Earmarking of funds for SCP / TSP from total state plan outlay at least in the proportion of SC/ST population of the state
• SCP and TSP funds should be non-divertible and non-lapsable;
• Making the Social Welfare Department of SCs / STs as nodal Department for formulation and implementation;
• Placing the earmarked funds under separate Budget Head for each developmental Department for implemention of SCP and TSP.
• C&AG provide Budget Head Code 789 for SCP and 796 for TSP to avoid misuse.
• Special; Central assistance both for SCP and TSP is being extended by the Centre to the State as a 100 % grants meant to fill critical gaps and missing inputs for family oriented income generating schemes and supporting infrastructural developments with a special focus on BPL families.
• The above guidelines should be strictly followed.

2.3 Components of SCP and TSP:

• Only those Schemes should be included under SCP / TSP that insurances direct benefits to the individuals or families belonging to SCs and STs.
• Outlay for area oriented schemes directly benefiting SCs and STs Hamlets / Villages having a majority of SC / ST population may be included in SCP and TSP.
• Priority should be given for providing basic minimum services like Primary Education, Health, Drinking Water, Nutrition, Rural Housing, Rural Electrification and Rural Link Roads.
• Wage component especially under rural employment schemes should not be included under SCP and TSP.
• Scheme to develop agriculture and allied activities like animal husbandry, dairy etc. that provides a source of livelihood to SC / ST population should be included.
• Innovative projects that draw upon institutional finance to supplement plan allocation may be drawn up.
• State Governments should take initiatives to generate awareness among the public about the Scheme of SC / ST by the different departments of the State Government through electronic and print media.

2.4. Procedure for Monitoring SCP / TSP:

• State and District / Block level monitoring Committee constituted to monitor the implementation / progress of schemes and utilization of funds on monthly basis and State levels Committees to review the progress on Quarterly basis.
• The District and Block level Committees to be constituted by involving elected members (MPs, MLAs and Panchayat Members and other prominent leaders in the District).
• Nodal Department should ensure timely release of funds. Any lapse on the part of field level implementing agency in timely utilization of funds and proper implementation of scheme may be viewed seriously.
• Non-earmarking of funds under SCP and TSP may result in non-approval of Plan of the States / UTs.
• Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment and Tribal Affairs will be actively involved in the process of finalization of Plan of the States / UTs.
• Evaluation to assess the impact of economic development to be conducted by the Nodal Department on regular basis and to ensure the follow up of the Schemes implemented and maintenance of proper records.

3. Gross Misuse of funds of SCP by Government of Delhi:

As stated above, the Government of Delhi adopted SCP after a gap of 26 years of its inception during the year 2006-07. From the very year of its inception, the Delhi Government has grossly misused the funds allocated under SCP and diverted the funds for other activities.

In spite of the strict guidelines, provisions for non diversion of funds, the Delhi Government has diverted a sum of Rs. 744.354 Crores for Commonwealth Games. This data is as per the response received from Delhi Government under RTI on June 30, 2010.

3.1 SCP FUNDS USED FOR COMMONWEALTH GAMES 2010

Major Head to which funds diverted Years
Figures in Crores
2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10
Anticipated Expenditure 2010-11
Allocated Total

Transport (PWD, NDMC & MCD) 00.35 5.86 173.84 229.33 173.74 583.12
Sports 00.00 9.71 25.20 45.00 7.40 87.31
DJB for CWG 00.00 0.01 0.02 3.40 1.19 04.62
Urban Development for CWG 1.62 00.00 00.00 0.51 0.17 02.30
Amount not accounted in the SCP documents from 2006-07 to 2010-11 67.00
Grand Total 744.35


4. Misuse of Rs. 7000 Crores of Scheduled Caste Special Component Plan Funds in non-SCP Components;

The Department for the Welfare of SC/ST/OBC/Minorities, B Block, 2nd Floor, Vikas Bhavan, IP Estate, Government of Delhi has provided the Budget Head wise expenditure for the year 2007-08, 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010-11 in their Report on Scheduled Caste Sub Plan as hereunder;
Rupee in cores

Component 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 Total
Energy 155.16 77.60 62.55 295.31
Medical 332.93 397.65 382.33 1112.91
General Education 156.69 143.87 142.14 442.70
Transport Sector 140.15 310.20 356.47 806.82
Water Supply 157.63 248.68 171.96 578.27
Urban Development 281.50 346.12 325.30 952.92
Rural Development 45.67 51.30 38.25 135.22
Technical Education 9.74 9.09 8.97 27.80
Sports 12.00 31.10 32.90 76.00
Nutrition 18.85 35.16 45.17 99.18
Labour 1.68 2.36 2.11 6.15
Others viz. Agriculture, Cooperation, Industry, Art & Culture etc. 156.72 177.54 214.24 548.50
Total for 2006-07 to 2009-10 1468.72 1830.67 1782.39 5081.78
Divisible # 187.28 231.55 220.67 639.50
Indivisible @ 1281.44 1599.12 1561.72 4442.28

Report on Scheduled Caste Sub Plan (Year 2010-11)

Year HEAD Amount in Crores
Year 2010-11 Indivisible 1683.73
Year 2010-11 Divisible 217.84
Total for 2010-11 1901.56
Grand Total for 2006-07 to 2010-11 6983.34

Note:

# “Divisible” means the part or entire outlay already marked under SCP in the Demand Book.
@ “Indivisible” means the amount could be spent for the welfare of SC, which is not marked as SCP in the Demand Book, has taken under this Head, presuming that the benefit under the scheme is flowing to the Scheduled Caste.

A copy of the relevant extract of the report is attached as Annexure-A.

5. Points revealing gross misuse of SCP Funds by Delhi Government

• Rs. 6983.34 Crores have been misused by Government of Delhi during these three years in non SCP component sectors.

• It may further be seen that Rs. 6126.01 Crores i.e. 87.72% of the SCP from 2006-07 to 2010-11 is incurred under “INDIVISIBLE” Heads which is mere presumption of the Delhi Government that the benefit is flowing to the Scheduled Caste which is actually incorrect. This is a major scam for siphoning of Rs. 7000 Crores happening under the very nose of the Union Government and needs to be investigated by JPC / Investigating Agencies of the Country.

• The expenditure under “DIVISIBLE’ Head is only Rs. 857.34 Crores i.e. merely 12.28% actual expenditure that too non SCP components.

• Above position reveals the blatant lies of the Government of Delhi and misleading the Parliament of India, State Assembly of Delhi and poor and hapless Scheduled Caste of Delhi.

• The Government of Delhi has misused SCP funds of Rs. 7000 Crores and is acting like NAZIS, this has created a situation in Delhi where Scheduled Castes are left to die in hunger, poverty and unemployment illiteracy and disease.

• During the year 2010-11 Rs. 1901.56 Crores (including Rs. 1683.73 Crores under Indivisible and Rs. 217.84 Crores under Divisible Heads have been allocated, which is being misused in non SC/ST components like earlier years. Misuse of this fund needs to be stopped forthwith.

• The allocation under SCP is mere eye wash as the actual expenditure is hardly 12%. If this is the position, it may be in the fittest of the things to stop this hypocrisy.

• Insensitive and anti Scheduled Caste Chief Minister of Delhi and the Government of Delhi should be forced to resign for anti Scheduled Caste activities and policies.

• The officers handling SCP in Government of Delhi should be held accountable and criminally prosecuted for their willful gross misuse of funds resulting into perpetuating atrocities on the Scheduled Castes.

Shri Jai Bhagwan Jatav
Contact No. 9810634677, 011-26192066 (R), 23323129(O)
President, Rashtriya Shoshit Parishad (Regd.), B-2, Ext.2, Street No. 7, Krishna Nagar, Safdarjung Enclave, New Delhi-110029
Forwarded by Rajinder Kashyap (rkk1963@gmail.com) & Posted on August 08, 2010

CASTE CENSUS - THROUGH A MICROSCOPE
By: Rajinder Kashyap (rkk1963@gmail.com)

Dear Dr. Vaidik,
I write this to register my comments in response to your article written on “Meri Jati Hai, Sirf Hindustani” on the issue of Caste Based Census on 11.5.2010 in Dainik Bhaskar, New Delhi followed up with meetings at Delhi on this issue. I hope you may appreciate the issues involved in it.

1. On 26th January, 1950, India adopted a new Constitution. This new Constitution was a unique in a way that for the 1st time in the history of Indian Civilization, a Utopia was created. Along with this utopia, praxis was also laid down to achieve the idealism. Let’s see what was that idealism created while adopting this new Constitution. The Preamble of the Constitution reads as;
“Preamble
We the people of India having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a SOVEREIGN, SOCIALIST, SECULAR, DEMOCARTIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all its citizen
JUSTICE, social, economic and political
LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship
Equality of status and opportunity and to promote among them all.
Fraternity assuring the dignity of individual and the unity and integrity of the nation

IN OUR CONSTITUTENT ASSEMBLY the twenty-six day of November, 1949, do,
HEREBY ADOPT, ENACT AND GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS CONSTITUTION”

2. Prior to the date ibid, this country was neither a nation nor a republic nor a fraternity nor a secular society nor an independent country nor having a government of its own. It was a bunch of people settled on a geographical territory, divided on the lines of Varna and in thousands of Castes who were prohibited to inter mix amongst each other and ruled by alien power which were neither interested in their welfare nor development. A number of pollutions and purifications were attached with different group of people. So strict were the punishments for the ‘Untouchables’ that they have to lose their lives if they dare to violate the system of Caste or say anything against it. In such circumstances who would dare to lose his life?
3. To pave a way to fabricate a liberal, independent, equal and fraternal society through a republican form of government, this new Constitution was adopted with fervor and seriousness. Democracy was accepted as form of Government in a Quasi-federal structure. But the bigots, feudalists and corrupts have played their role in spoiling the broth during last 60 odd years of independence. They have misused Democracy and treated the hapless people as vote banks for creating the rule of miniscule minority and rob the majority (BAHUJANS) from the basic amenities required to live a dignified life.
4. What is a democracy? If I have to respond to this question, I would take the following simile to define it - Democracy is neither a political, nor economic nor social concern taken separately. Nor it is just taken all together. It is a moral ideal, a statement of relation which shall prevail amongst the human beings. It is a hypothesis, if not a firm belief, that if man creates proper institutions and then his better possibilities would actualize themselves. It is a faith in man’s possibilities. Democracy as a methodology is based on the pious principles of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity. Democracy thrives in democratic society and democratic distribution and utilization of resources for development of human being who resolves to adopt democracy as way of life.
5. Most revered Baba Sahib Ambedkar waged a fierce war whole his life to eliminate social inequalities in this society and sphere headed the movement of introduction of democratic methodology in political, economic and social system as moral ideals in the society and culture of this country. He succeeded in embedding the founding pillars on which the edifice of social, economic and political, democratic life was to be erected and sustained in times to come. Democratic goals cannot be separated from Democratic methods. The goal is in the method and end is in the means. This is generally the democratic belief. The hypothesis of Democracy appears to be falling apart in this country as the methodology adopted to build moral ideals is not yielding desired results for building democratic life in this country. The country is fast moving towards absolutism of one class of people irrespective whoever rules. The struggle waged by our forefathers in building a society based on democratic ideals and democratic life needs to be strengthened.
6. After around sixty years of independence, the ideals of Liberty, Equality, Fraternity, Justice and democratic life for disadvantaged sections of society have remained distant dreams and utopians ideals. Democracy is antithesis of feudalism and fragmentation of society on the basis of Caste. Why blame British for divide and Rule? What did the native do for thousands of years with their own people? If you ask me, they made them ‘Sudras’ and ‘Untouchables’, shame on them and shame on their allegation blaming ‘Britishers’ for divide and rule. It was the upper castes of Indian society who is responsible for making this nation to lose its independence to foreign invaders for thousands of years as the society of this land was divided on the basis of Caste. Except ‘untouchables’ none other performed their duty with any sense of responsibility. Brahmin failed to educate others, Kashtriyas castes failed to train and build strong army and Vaishas ran after their own profits, exploited others and kept the trade and business to themselves
7. We remained much worse than slaves even after birth of great saints like Guru Ravi Dass and Saint Kabir who were born on this land around 633 years back. It was only in 1848 Mahatama Jyoti Rao Phule set up a chain of schools and made his wife Mata Savitri Bhai Phule as first Headmistress of that school and accepted Sudras and Untouchables children as pupil in the said school. Such a society would have remained slave to hundreds of years more, had foreign invaders in form of Britishers would not have come. While saying this, in no way I am praising the foreign rule.
8. Let me point out for the information of all readers that none of the social reforms even those concerning their own family were brought by the upper castes of Indian society. Be it the inhuman and merciless practice of Sati, Widow re-marriage, child marriage etc. When the Christian clergies witnessed ghastly acts of Sati in this land, their horror knew no bound and they put immense pressure on Lord William Bentinck to put an end to this inhuman practice of female burning to an end. Then came the legislation stopping the practice of Sati. No upper caste Hindu reformer made any serious and sincere efforts to put an end to Sati and so many other social evils with which the Indian society was confronted. Now a days, a new kind of social evils are erupting which may have been practiced before feudal ears of 15th and 16th century in the Europe. When I say so, I am referring to Khap Panchayats, honor killings, female infanticide etc. Shame on all those who support these things in an era of liberalism and human rights. In such a scenario, it is correct to say that universal human “Rights” are perhaps myth created by the Materialistic- Capitalist system which gives a solace to the poor, downtrodden and have nots a false belief of having Rights. In real sense they do not have any right and they may not have resources to get those Rights executed in a civil society in case of infringements by others.
9. Caste is not a racial differentiation between people but a much subtle, deeper and strong segregation which goes on for thousands of years from generation to generation. In racialism, the human beings are discriminated on the basis of race and color. But in the case of Caste, discrimination has been amongst humans of same race, having same color, physique and faith, eating similar food, following same Gods and Goddesses. It is much more difficult to fight caste as divine origination has been attached to it by the clergy class in Hinduism. It is much difficult to fight a practice or custom when a group of powerful, rich and land owning class believes that a system was given by the GOD. Unless this myth is broken, the caste would continue to play its destructive role of dividing the people. This myth could only be broken if the BAHUJANS who have suffered heavily under the said system, denounce the socio-religious-cultural system with which caste is attached.
10. In the eyes of GOD all are equal and treating everyone as equal in walks of life are two different principles. All GODMEN say that all are equal in the eyes of GOD, but the men created by GOD and the followers of those GODMEN everyday perpetuate atrocities on the fellow being that are also created by the God. In seems that in Hindu mythology and spiritual system, the GOD is perhaps the imagination or creation of the upper castes. Perhaps subservient to their cause or perhaps an entity who is more loyal to the class who has created it;
I have seen the GOD siding with those who have burnt alive the men, women and children of hapless downtrodden.
I have seen the GOD who has tacitly supported the rape of daughters and women of downtrodden folks.
I have seen the GOD seeing from a corner the scene of burning and arson of huts and houses of downtrodden
I have seen the GOD always siding with the rich, mighty and powerful in this land.
11. Why the helpless GOD is mute spectator to such atrocities? Why the all powerful and merciful GOD is unable to burn those perpetrators of atrocities by HIS curse? Why the compassionate GOD is mute spectator to such ghastly acts of his own creations? Why all pervasive GOD hesitate to make this land a better place to live? Selfish people have even divided the pious name of GOD. Out of 12,000 villages in Punjab, 10,000 have separate prayer places which are created on the basis of caste. Even the cremation grounds used to cremate the dead human beings are made on the basis of Caste. The immense sacrifices made by the great saints and gurus have been rendered futile and hegemony of a specific group is created who perpetuate atrocities on the downtrodden.
12. Reservation is not a dole but a representation and such arrangements exists world over in various societies. The Indian society is ailing from social, physical and mental untouchability. In such a society the concept of merit can never prevail. Therefore, the concept of merit and reservation are mutually exclusive. As a Nazi will not do justice to a Jew and vice-versa, a Protestant will not do justice to the Catholic living in Ireland and vice versa, a Christian will not do justice to a Muslim and vice versa. Similarly, a caste Hindu will not do justice to an untouchable in Hindu society. Therefore, talking merit as criterion is futile and senseless thinking leading us nowhere. It must be made clear here that if complete reservation as provided under scheduled caste quota, only 5 out of 100 people of the said castes would be benefitted. What would happen to remaining 95? Therefore, the other sectors including the business sector of the economy is to be explored for creating more developmental opportunity for BAHUJANS. It has been done in the democracies in the world. USA is the foremost example of that. Why do not we take a cue from it and implement this. The Bahujans of this society would be as indebted to those in India who take this yeoman step as the racially discriminated black people were to President Johnson who paved way for black power through his declaration in 1968. We know the reservation as a system has its limitations, but till a good, equality based, accountable, non-discriminatory system is put into place by the people in power, the existing system of reservation cannot be allowed to be dismantled. The reservation in legislative bodies has met with little success. The prophesy of Venerable Baba sahib Ambedkar has proven true. This system has produced ineffective representatives who are unable to defend the rights of their own people. A time period of 78 years (from Poona Pact) are a large time to test a hypothesis and if that has not been prove helpful, efforts should be wages to change the same with a more purposeful representation system. But no serious efforts appear to be afoot in this direction. The more hindrance would be felt in this direction as the existing system is suitable and is subservient to the classes who are in power. It is a food for thought for the BAHUJANS of this land.
13. Prof. Dicey had epitomized the principle of RULE OF LAW as a foundation on which the functioning of democratic system is to be built. The implementer and upholder of Law have to be always sensitive if a society based on democratic life. Sadly, there are not many efforts towards accomplishment of said position. The writs of law do not run large almost on 35 to 40% territory of this land seriously undermining the democracy and democratic functioning. Caste has paramount position driving each decision in the nation’s life and activities. The upholders of law are aligned to the caste forces in power. The petty crimes go unsolved and allowing criminals to spread the malice of honor killing. The incidents of extra-judicial authorities taking law into their own hand are increasing. How a man’s with almost no resources and who is struggling with making both ends meet would attain his rights? A serious challenge of creating equilibrium in all walks of society is a grave challenge. Former President of India Dr. K.R. Narayanan once said that it is not the Constitution which has failed us, but it is we who have failed the Constitution. The miniscule of ruling castes in this country has to come out of the mindset of Casteism.
14. As the Census would involve into head count of Backwards in this country, which would determine their rights and entitlements in various spheres in the society, it is important to complete this exercise without any delay. This might pave way and put pressure on the ruling castes for creation of earthly levels of strong institutional mechanism and start an era of stopping discrimination in all spheres of life. This requires a forceful policy mechanism and implementation and monitoring of policies at various levels in the affairs of administration. The BAHUJANS have to remain more vigilant and active in ensuring purposeful disbursal and attainment of their rights through an egalitarian system in education, health, food security, land reform, employment building, labour and government service sectors. Threatened by the outcome of Caste based census and its effect in the long run in the socio, economic, political and cultural affairs of the nation, the ruling castes in India are opposing this exercise and hell bent upon keeping BAHUJANS in dark and in dispossessed status.
Revised Posted on July 08, 2010

CASTE CENSUS - THROUGH A MICROSCOPE
Comments on Prof. Autar Dhesi’s Caste Based Census

By: Rajinder Kashyap

Caste Census - through a Microscope
I write this to register my comments on the extremely brief views of Prof. Autar Dhesi made available on this website (www.ambedkartimes.com) on the issue of Caste Based Census.

2. On 26th January, 1950, India adopted a new Constitution. This new Constitution was a unique in a way that for the 1st time in the history of Indian Civilization, a Utopia was created. Along with this utopia, a Praxis was also laid down to achieve the idealism. Let’s see what was that idealism created while adopting this new Constitution. The Preamble of the Constitution reads as;

3. Prior to the date ibid, this country was neither a nation nor a republic nor a fraternity nor a secular society nor an independent country nor having a government of its own. It was a bunch of people settled on a geographical territory and divided on the lines of Verna and in thousands of Castes who were prohibited to inter mix amongst each other and ruled by alien power who were neither interested in their welfare nor development. A number of pollution and purifications were attached with different group of people, so strict were the punishments for the ‘Untouchables’ that they have to lose their lives if they dare to violate the system of Caste or say anything against it. In such circumstances who would dare to lose his life?

4. To pave a way for fabricating a liberal, independent, equal and fraternal society through a republican form of government, this new Constitution was adopted with fervor and seriousness. Democracy was accepted as form of Government in a Quasi-federal structure. But the bigots, feudalists and corrupts have played their role in spoiling the broth during last 60 odd years of independence. They have misused Democracy and treated the hapless people as vote banks for crating the rule of miniscule minority and rob the majority (BAHUJANS) from the basic amenities required to live a dignified life.

5. What is a democracy? If I have to respond to this, I would take the following simile to define it as follows - Democracy is neither a political, nor economic nor social concern taken separately. Nor it is just taken all together. It is a moral ideal, a statement of relation which shall prevail amongst the human beings. It is a hypothesis, if not a firm belief, that if man creates proper institutions and then his better possibilities would actualize themselves. It is a faith in man’s possibilities. Democracy as a methodology is based on the pious principles of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity. Democracy thrives in democratic society and democratic distribution and utilization of resources for development of human being who resolves to adopt democracy as way of life.
6. Most revered Baba Sahib Ambedkar waged a fierce war whole his life to eliminate social inequalities in this society and sphere headed the movement of introduction of democratic methodology in political, economic and social system as moral ideals in the society and culture of this country. He succeeded in embedding the founding pillars on which the edifice of social, economic and political, democratic life was to be erected and sustained in times to come. Democratic goals cannot be separated from Democratic methods. The goal is in the method and end is in the means. This is generally the democratic belief. The hypothesis of Democracy appears to be falling apart in this country as the methodology adopted to build moral ideals is not yielding desired results for building democratic life in this country. The country is fast moving towards Absolutism of one class of people irrespective whoever rules. The struggle waged by our forefathers in building a society based on democratic ideals and democratic life needs to be strengthened.

7. We remained much worse than slaves even after birth of great saints like Guru Ravi Dass and Saint Kabir which happened around 633 years back. It was only in 1848 Mahatama Jyoti Rao Phule set up a chain of schools and made her wife Mata Savitri Bhai Phule as first Headmistress of that school and accepted Sudras and Untouchables children as pupil in the said school.

8. After around sixty years of independence, the ideals of Liberty, Equality, Fraternity, Justice and democratic life for disadvantaged sections of society have remained distant dreams and utopians ideals. Democracy is antithesis of feudalism and fragmentation of society on the basis of Caste. Why blame British for divide and Rule? What did the native do for thousands of years with their own people? If you ask me, they made them ‘Sudras’ and ‘Untouchables’, shame on them and shame on their allegation blaming ‘Britishers’ for divide and rule. It was the upper castes of Indian society who is responsible for making this nation to lose its independence to foreign invaders for thousands of years as the society of this land was divided on the basis of Caste. Except ‘untouchables’ none other performed their duty with any sense of responsibility. Brahmin failed to educate others, Kashtriyas castes failed to train and build strong army and Vaishas ran after their own profits, exploited others and kept the trade and business to themselves. Such a society would have remained slave to hundreds of years more, had foreign invaders in form of Britishers would not have come. While saying this, in no way I am praising the foreign rule.

9. Let me point out for the information of all readers that none of the social reform even concerning their own family was brought by the upper castes of Indian society. Be it the inhuman and merciless practice of Sati, Widow re-marriage, child marriage etc. When the Christian clergies witnessed ghastly acts of Sati in this land, their horror knew no bounds and they put immense pressure on Lord William Bentinck to put an end to this inhuman practice of female burning to an end. Then came the legislation stopping the practice of Sati. No upper caste Hindu reformer made any serious and sincere efforts to put an end to Sati and so many other social evils with which the Indian society was confronted. Now a days, a new kind of social evils are erupting which may have been practiced before feudal ears of 15th and 16th century in the Europe. When I say so, I am referring to Khap Panchayats, honor killings, female infanticide etc. Shame on all those who support these things in an era of liberalism and human rights. In such a scenario, it is correct to say that universal human “Rights” are perhaps myth created by the Materialistic- Capitalist system which gives a solace to the poor, downtrodden and have nots a false belief of having Rights. In real sense they do not have any right and they may not have resources to get those Rights executed in a civil society in case of infringements by others.

10. Caste is not a racial differentiation between people but a much subtle, deeper and strong segregation which goes on for thousands of years from generation to generation. In racialism, the human beings are discriminated on the basis of race and color. But in the case of Caste, discrimination has been amongst humans of same race, having same color, physique and faith, eating similar food, following same Gods and Goddesses. It is much more difficult to fight caste as divine origination has been attached to it by the clergy class in Hinduism. It is much difficult to fight a practice or custom when a group of powerful, rich and land owning class believes that a system was given by the GOD. Unless this myth is broken, the caste would continue to play its destructive role of dividing the people. This myth could only be broken if the BAHUJANS who have suffered heavily under the said system, denounce the socio-religious-cultural system with which caste is attached.

11. In the eyes of GOD all are equal and treating everyone as equal in walks of life are two different principles. All GODMEN say that all are equal in the eyes of GOD, but the men created by GOD and the followers of those GODMEN everyday perpetuate atrocities on the fellow being that are also created by the God. In seems that in Hindu mythology and spiritual system the GOD is perhaps the imagination or creation of the upper castes. Perhaps subservient to their cause or perhaps an entity who is more loyal to the class who has created it;
I have seen the GOD siding with those who have burnt alive the men, women and children of hapless downtrodden.
I have seen the GOD who has tacitly supported the rape of daughters and women of downtrodden folks.
I have seen the GOD seeing from a corner the scene of burning and arson of huts and houses of downtrodden
I have seen the GOD always siding with the rich, mighty and powerful in this land.

12. Why the helpless GOD is mute spectator to such atrocities? Why the all powerful and merciful GOD is unable to burn those perpetrators of atrocities by HIS curse? Why the compassionate GOD is mute spectator to such ghastly acts of his own creations? Why all pervasive GOD hesitate to make this land a better place to live? Selfish people have even divided the pious name of GOD. Out of 12,000 villages in Punjab, 10,000 have separate prayer places which are created on the basis of caste. Even the cremation grounds used to cremate the dead human beings are made on the basis of Caste. The immense sacrifices made by the great saints and gurus have been rendered futile and hegemony of a specific group is created who perpetuate atrocities on the downtrodden.

13. Reservation is not a dole but a representation and such arrangements exists world over in various societies. The Indian society is ailing from social, physical and mental untouchability. In such a society the concept of merit can never prevail. Therefore, the concept of merit and reservation are mutually exclusive. As a Nazi will not do justice to a Jew and vice-versa, a Protestant will not do justice to the Catholic living in Ireland and vice versa, a Christian will not do justice to a Muslim and vice versa. Similarly, a caste Hindu will not do justice to an untouchable in Hindu society. Therefore, talking merit as criterion is futile and senseless thinking leading us nowhere. It must be made clear here that if complete reservation as provided under scheduled caste quota, only 5 out of 100 people of the said castes would be benefitted. What would happen to remaining 95? Therefore, the other sectors including the business sector of the economy is to be explored for creating more developmental opportunity for BAHUJANS. It has been done in the democracies in the world. USA is the foremost example of that. Why do not we take a cue from it and implement this. The Bahujans of this society would be as indebted to those in India who take this yeoman step as the racially discriminated black people were to President Johnson who paved way for black power through his declaration in 1968. We know the reservation as a system has its limitations, but till a good, equality based, accountable, non-discriminatory system is put into place by the people in power, the existing system of reservation cannot be allowed to be dismantled. The reservation in legislative bodies has met with little success. The prophesy of Venerable Baba sahib Ambedkar has proven true. This system has produced ineffective representatives who are unable to defend the rights of their own people. A time period of 78 years (from Poona Pact) are a large time to test a hypothesis and if that has not been prove helpful, efforts should be wages to change the same with a more purposeful representation system. But no serious efforts appear to be afoot in this direction. The more hindrance would be felt in this direction as the existing system is suitable and is subservient to the classes who are in power. It is a food for thought for the BAHUJANS of this land.

14. Prof. Dicey had epitomized the principle of RULE OF LAW as a foundation on which the functioning of democratic system is to be built. The implementer and upholder of Law have to be always sensitive if a society based on democratic life. Sadly, there are not many efforts towards accomplishment of said position. The writs of law do not run large almost on 35 to 40% territory of this land seriously undermining the democracy and democratic functioning. Caste has paramount position driving each decision in the nation’s life and activities. The upholders of law are aligned to the caste forces in power. The petty crimes go unsolved and allowing criminals to spread the malice of honor killing. The incidents of extra-judicial authorities taking law into their own hand are increasing. How a man’s with almost no resources and who is struggling with making both ends meet would attain his rights? A serious challenge of creating equilibrium in all walks of society is a grave challenge. Former President of India Dr. K.R. Narayanan once said that it is not the Constitution which has failed us, but it is we who have failed the Constitution. The miniscule of ruling castes in this country has to come out of the mindset of Casteism in this country.

15. As the Census would involve into head count of Backwards in this country, which would determine their rights and entitlements in various spheres in the society, it is important to complete this exercise without any delay. This might pave way and put pressure on the ruling castes for creation of earthly levels of strong institutional mechanism and start an era of stopping discrimination in all spheres of life. This requires a forceful policy mechanism and implementation and monitoring of policies at various levels in the affairs of administration. The BAHUJANS have to remain more vigilant and active in ensuring purposeful disbursal and attainment of their rights through an egalitarian system in education, health, food security, land reform, employment building, labour and government service sectors. Threatened by the outcome of Caste based census, the ruling castes are in India are opposing this exercise and hell bent upon keeping BAHUJANS in dark.

Posted on June 30, 2010

 

- GET UP AND ACT - DALIT BRETHREN

Rajinder Kashyap New Delhi

Al Batt an eminent Writer and Speaker says,

"It is easy to sit up and take notice. What is difficult is getting up and taking action."

This land of Bharat, from the time immemorial, has been continuous engulfed in the conflict between two socio-cultural and religious ideologies. Tathagat Buddha always used terms “Shraman – Brahmins” in his discourses. In actual sense, these two words denote two different social, cultural, religious and ideological systems. Shraman ideology terms this world as full of grief and sorrows and proposes methodology to get over these grief and sorrow while on the other hand, Brahminical ideology believes in hording and satisfying desires by hook or crook. Shraman ideology believes that birth or death is sorrow and strives to lessen the grief of people engulfed in this grief and exhort human beings to move towards attainment of Nirvana. Shraman ideology upholds self-denial and renunciation as supreme, while, Brahminical ideology believes in fulfillment of desires by whatever means. Shraman ideology is independent based on the precepts of Liberty, Equality, Fraternity, Justice while on the other hand, Brahminical ideology is based on the pillars of inequality between human beings, concept of born high and born low, discrimination and holding people slave, branding them untouchables and Sudras and talks of freedom of only few persons in the society.

Mahapandit Rahul Sakrityayan says that Brahminical literature consists of 75% of illogical, meaningless concocted material, only 5% things mentioned have some relevance. He further says that it appears that the pleader or requestor or worshippers in the mythical Brahminical literature, making innumerable request to Devtas, is suffering from intense hunger and destitution. He seems to seek material things in his requests. What natural things like Varun (Water), Agni (Fire), Surya (Sun), Chandra (Moon), Vayu (Air), Lightening, River and Streams etc. could give to such seeker? In first Mandala of the Rig Veda, the requestor prays before Agni. The requestor is so confused that he even pleads before cow, goat and frog for vesting wealth in him. In last Mantra of The Rig Veda, in gross contempt and setting aside the principles of welfare of all, the provision for education is provided for the Purohits and their pupils.

In Brahminical socio, cultural and religious system, the Gods and Great men could never get rid of their vices nor they even tried to get themselves divested of such vices. There are innumerable examples of such instances easily available in their own scriptures like Vedas and Upanishads. In last 5000 years, only Buddha is the only human being completely divested of all vices. He was called Tathagat because whatever he preached same he followed and observed meticulously in his own life and whatever he did same he preached. This is the reason why he was called Tathagat.

For Tathagat, Swami Vivekanand says that whosoever has been the propounded of Faiths (Religions) in the whole world, Tathagat is the only person who has taught the lesson of self-confidence and infused that spirit in us. He has not only exhorted us to disassociate ourselves from the burden of false and untrue believes but also told us to get rid of those false God / Goddesses and Devis and Devtas who do not have any existence in this world. He further says that in the history of mankind there is none other having such high social, spiritual and intellectual thoughts. The great Liberator (Tathagat), the greatest amongst the persons born in human form on this earth in the history of humanity taught us such supreme ideals but never claimed or tried to project himself great. He was combination of such an excellent mixture of heart and mind that has never been seen after him. The history of evolution of species of human states that amongst the of human beings born on this land, Tathagat Buddha is supreme and stand out in them. There is no other such towering figure with whom he can ever be compared.

The theory of evolution propounded by Charles Darwin, widely accepted in the world, lays down that humans have evolved from the species of monkey but the blind believers in Brahminical theology still have blind faith and propagate the birth of human being from some body part of some God. Dr. Bharat Singh Upadhaya says that Tathagat achieved all that word by word for which Vedic Ascetics (Rishis) were praying. If one deeply examines the Brahminical literature, you may not come across any example of any Rishi who shall have declared after his own experience that his ignorance and darkness has ended and he has attained nectar of light. During the Vedic period, attainment of such knowledge has only been a prayer and desire while Tathagat has actually attained the Bodhi. This is a landmark achievement in the history of spiritual development of this country.

Tathagat waged a scathing attack on the founding pillars of Brahminical civilization based on unnatural and inhuman inequalities, unnatural division of humanity into four Verna and demolished it. While criticizing the false beliefs and to know what is the truth, Buddha stipulated 10 principles for the human being and these ten principles are as follows;

  • Do not believe in a view or practice only because you have come to know about it from others.
  • Do not believe in a view or practice only because it is being practiced from time immemorial.
  • Do not believe in a view or practice only because it is being practiced as custom and usage.
  • Do not believe in a view or practice only because it is written in the Holy Books.
  • Do not believe in a view or practice only because it is written in the scriptures.
  • Do not believe in a view or practice only because it is written in the pious books of justice.
  • Do not believe in a view or practice only because in outer appearance it appears to be right.
  • Do not believe in a view or practice only because your belief says it is right.
  • Do not believe in a view or practice only because it appears to be right.
  • Do not believe in a view or practice only because holy men or Saints or God men say it.

Test whatever you believe or going to believe or do or going to do with your own experience on the following parameters;

  • Does not insult others?
  • Does not create hatred and desires in other?
  • Does not make you slave of desires?
  • Does not incite you to kill others?
  • Does not encourage you to tell lie?
  • Does not enhance or inflict sufferings?

If your beliefs or acts are encouraging you to do any of the above things, then without even a second leave and forget pursuing those believes and actions. If your beliefs are going to enhance happiness and peace then immediately without second thought make them as part of your life.

On the contrary, the Hindu Religion and social system has been formulated on the basis of Chaturvarna categorization. The human being have been segmented into four different segments namely Brahmin, Kshtrias, Vaish and Sudras (Sudras further divided into touchable and untouchable). As per the religious believes of Hindus and as written in their scriptures, such a fragmentation is made by the GOD himself. The main proponent of this has been the initial and oldest scripture of Hinduism named “Rig Veda”, wherein, it has been stated that Brahmins have born from the mouth of Brahama, Kshatriyas from shoulders, Vaishas from Thighs and Sudras from feet.

The edifice of Hindu theology and social system stands on these four pillars. These four unequal pillars of Hindu social system place Brahmin on the top of this pyramidical structure followed by Kshtrias and Vaish and Sudras at the bottom of this hierarchy. All these four classifications of human beings are related to each other on the basis of relationship of higher and lower. Brahmins are placed at the apex of this stratum conferred with and enjoying the best available material and worldly pleasures. Right to education viz. reading and writing of scriptures was reserved for the apex class in this social system and conferred divinity upon them and projected themselves as representatives of God. They declared themselves as ‘Devtas’ in this land. As per Hindu scriptures, how so ever grim or heinous crime a Brahmin may commit, he is not to be sentenced with death penalty, whereas, even for a petty offence, a Sudra could be sentenced with a death penalty.

Hindu scriptures are filled with religious dictates at many places prescribing that even to use disrespectful language while conversing with a child of Brahmin is offensive and condemnable. These scriptures stipulate that a small kid of ten years belonging to Brahmin Verna is entitle to command and demand more respect even from the eighty years old person of Sudra Verna. In case a village is engulfed in a fire, the Brahmin or their families are entitled to be evacuated first and this has been stipulated as a religious duty imposed upon those placed in the lower hierarchy of Verna system. To serve, to worship and to bestow valuable gifts giving worldly enjoyment to Brahmins has been prescribed as a religious duty upon the persons of lower Verna for attainment of Heavens. To what extent it could be explained, the Hindu scriptures are filled with praise of Brahmins.

There is no place for ‘Sudras’ and ‘Untouchables’ in the Hindu Religious system. There is only one duty prescribed on ‘Untouchables’ to serve the people of upper Verna. As per religious philosophy of Hinduism, servitudes imposed upon “untouchables” is a result of their bad deeds or Karmas in earlier births and to bear the results of such bad deeds of earlier birth, they have born in this society as “Untouchables”. The Hindu scriptures prescribe specific orders and directions for Sudras and “Untouchables” which throw ample light on the position of these people in the Hindu social order. The position of Sudras and Untouchables could be well understood if we minutely examine the religious dictates contained in Vedas, Dharamshastra, Brahamanas, Grihsutras, Manu Smriti, Other Smritis, Ramayana, Mahabharata, Gita, Satayarath Prakash and other Religious literatures in Sanskrit or Hindi. These religious orders impose various kinds of restrains, condemnations, duties without remuneration and punishments and fines for omissions and commissions of such upon Sudras and Untouchables. These have been prescribed to be observed by them in their every day social interaction. Some of these are enumerated as follows:

  • The God has given only one order to Sudras and that is to serve upper three Verna.

(Manu)

  • For their services towards upper three Verna, Sudras shall be given the left over food and tattered rags.

(Manu)

  • If a Sudra becomes rich by whatever methods, he should not be allowed to accumulate such wealth as wealthy Sudra causes discomfort to members of higher Verna. The king should dispossess him of his all the wealth and distribute one half amongst the Brahmins and second half in the state treasury.

(Manu)

  • If any person of lower Verna adopts the profession of persons of higher Verna and earn wealth, the king shall dispossess him of such wealth and throw him out of the village.

(Manu)

  • If a Sudra enchants Vedic Mantras his tongue should be cut.

(Manu)

  • If a Sudra abuses Brahmins his tongue should be cut.

(Manu)

  • If a Sudra in arrogance of knowledge dares to preach Brahmins, the king shall pour boiling oil in his mouth and ears.

(Manu)

  • If a person of lower Caste dares to sit on the bed in equal to the person of higher Caste, king shall brand him on buttocks with hot iron rods.

(Manu)

  • If any Sudra observes atonement, penance, meditation or yagya, king shall punish him like the Rama has punished Rishi Shambhok by chopping his head with sword.

(Uttar Ram Chritra)

  • With whatever limb, a Sudra attacks a Brahmin, the same limb should be chopped.

(Manu)

  • If a Brahmin see a dead body of a Sudra, he will get purified only after seeing the sum.

(Manu)

  • If a Sudra engages in sexual intercourse with a Brahmin lady his male organ should be chopped. A child born of a Sudra (father) and Brahmin (mother) is Chandala.

(Manu)

  • One should not take food cooked in the house of a women of lose character, thief, Chamar, Scavenger, Washer man.

(Manu)

  • Any Brahmin who educates Sudra or gives him knowledge will grope in the dark along with Sudra and fall in hell.

(Prashar)

  • A Brahmin in need, without any hesitation, is entitle to snatch wealth and money of a Sudra. The wealth of Sudra is for his service. Brahmin is Master of Sudra and all the wealth of a Sudra in real sense belongs to a Brahmin.
  • One loses age if takes food at the house of a Goldsmith and noble name and fame if accepts food grains of a Chamar.

(Manu)

  • Any Brahmin, Kshitriya or Vaishya who marries daughter of a Sudra, along with his children falls into the category Sudra.

(Attre)

  • The forefathers and Devas do not accept food cooked by a married Sudra wife of a Brahmin and a Brahmin marrying a Sudra wife shall not attain heaven.

(Prashar)

  • A person born as Brahmin can preach a King or can be appointed as a Preacher for delivering religious discourses, while a Sudra, howsoever intelligent and knowledgeable he may be, cannot be appointed as a Preacher.

(Manu, Attre)

  • If in any kingdom, a Sudra acts as a Justice, that kingdoms or nation falls and erode in no times.

(Manu)

  • An enlightened Brahmin falls from stature, get disgraced and losses his sheen if he eats food, indulges in social interaction and imparts knowledge to a Sudra.

(Manu)

  • The food grains of a Brahmin is like nectar, whereas, the food grains of Sudra is like blood.

(Attre)

  • Charge 2% monthly interest from a Brahmin, 3% from Kshtriya, 4% from a Vaisha and 5% from a Sudra.

(Manu)

  • Brahmin should put Sharma, Kshtriya to affix Verma, Vaish to put Gupta and Sudra should not use anything with their name.

(Manu)

  • If a Sudra insults any person of higher Verna, his tongue should be pierced with hot iron nails.

(Manu)

  • If a king seeks guidance on any religious matter from a Sudra, his kingdom engulfs destruction.

(Manu)

  • If a Brahmin eats food from Sudra and dies subsequently, he takes birth as Sudra in next birth.

(Manu)

  • Persons belonging to Chamar, Bhangi and Chandala Castes shall habitat outside the precincts of Villages and Towns without any property and wealth. Their wealth should be dogs, donkeys, should have clothes taken out from dead bodies, should eat in earthen utensils, should wear ornaments of iron. Knowledgeable and good consciences people should not give them company. They should inter marry and shall have social interaction amongst themselves. They should use any specific mark or thing through which they could be recognized from a distance by the persons of high Caste.

(Manu)

  • If a Brahmin touches a Sudra, he should purify himself by taking a handful of water and by eating Ghee.

(Attre)

  • As good and health sperms in human body are generated due to healthy food, so, if a Brahmin eats food grains of Sudra and then produces a child, the child so produced will also be like Sudra.

(Manu)

  • One shall take bath and purify himself after talking to Chamar, Bhat, Bheel, Dhobi, Nat and Bhangi.

(Manu)

  • In the Uttar Ram Charitra, to maintain and upkeep Chatur (Four) Verna system, Rama beheaded Mahatma Shambhokh (a Shudra) who was observing worshiping and penance. Penance and worship was solely considered the domain of High caste and the to service three Verna was the duty of Sudras. This was conduct of beholder of Conduct.

(Uttar Ram Chritra)

  • In Bhagwat, Sri Krishna claimed and declared himself as ‘God’ and said that he himself has created ‘Women’ and ‘Sudra’ as ‘Papayoni’ to bear the misdeeds of their karmas performed in earlier births.

(Srimand Bhagwad)

  • Ardent supporter, master propagator of Vedanta Philosophy and ideology, claiming themselves to be Shankracharaya and Jagadguru also hold the view that if Sudras read or recite Vedas, boiling hot lead shall be poured into their ears. They hold the views that the Sudras are like cremation ground and reciting or reading Vedas is prohibited at cremation ground. If whole universe is created by SUPREME entity and if each human is created by that SUPREME authority then it could be termed as sheer hypocrisy and pretence on the part of Vedanis to stipulate and execute sentences / penalties (death penalty) on Sudras and Ati-Sudras to recite or read Vedas. One can see as to how much difference is there in what they say and what they do. How can such pretenders be called Jagatgurus?. They even do not deserve to be called Gurus on this land..
  • Goswami Tulsi Das, injected hatred, viciousness, brutality in the mind of Caste Hindus by writing “Ram Chritra Manas”. Surpassing all limits of decency fixed for human behaviour for judging and respecting a knowledgeable and competent human being, he laid down in his ‘Long Religious Verse’ that a Brahmin should be revered even if he is a duffer or without any virtue and imposed prohibition of veneration and admiration of a Sudra who is knowledgeable, competent and full of virtues. He did not stop their and further said that a Drum, a Stupid, a Sudra, an Animal and a women are fit to be thrashed and condemned.

(Ram Chritra Manas)

  • Another segment of Hindus known as ‘Arya Samajists’ claimed themselves to be staunch reformists and said to have believe in and propagated equality of human being from birth. See what Swami Dayanand, founder of above movement has to say about Sudra and Ati-Sudra in his eminent work under the title ‘Satyarth Prakash’. He says that do not eat food cooked by Chamar, Scavenger and Chandalas. Food cooked by a Brahmin or a person of Higher Caste of Hindu should only be taken. The body of Chandala is filled with foul and stinking odors, whereas, body of Brahmin generates blood and sperms of pure order.

Swami Dayanand, rather than breaking the barriers of Caste actually strengthened and perpetuated it when he reposed his firm belief in the Chatur Verna and upheld it as cardinal principle of Hinduism. In his view, if a Hindu does not belief in Verna System, he is not a true Hindu. He is of the view that four Verna system has its roots in Vedas and as a Muslim is not a true Muslin if he does not believe in holy Koran or a Christian is not a true Christian if he does not believe in holy Bible, similarly, if a Hindu does not believe a in Chatur Verna system stipulated in the Vedas, he can not claim to be a true Hindu (Arya).

Similarly, Mahatma Gandhi was of the view that the one who does not believe in four Verna and has no faith in them is not a Hindu. In the views of Swami Dayanand, four Verna are essential in the society but has to be based on virtues, trade and nature of human beings but the genesis of it has roots in birth of a person in Hindu society. As a counter argument, it would be apt to state that till this time, no Barometer has been invented which has capability to test the virtues, qualities and nature of human beings. Both Sanatani Hindus and Arya Samjists firmly believe in the Chatur Verna and Caste system in Hindu society and practice it.

The above social, cultural maxims were firmly implemented in the society by the Hindu Kings and Emperors and were observed as Rule / Law of the State and Caste Hindu observed these religious dictums as their religious duty. Resultantly, Brahmins attained the supreme position in the society and Sudra and Untouchables slated at the bottom of this vicious system pushed in the dark hole of miseries and hell. The gap between Brahmins and Sudras is like that of the distance between sky and the bottom of sea and this could be seen in the daily life in this society even today.

Prior to the birth of venerated Baba Sahib Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar, the conditions of untouchables were worse than the animals. They did not have any right in this society. There were robbed of any social interaction in the society. They were assigned most odious and dreadful trades and professions for their sustenance. They were compelled to live to most deplorable and inhuman conditions on the periphery of village and towns in huts and shanties, has to survive on left over food and wears tattered cloth. They were not allowed to do any trade or business. They were not permitted to get employment in the service of state as these doors were firmly shut for them. They were living in extreme poverty. They were compelled to live without any social, political religious rights. The Caste Hindus believed it to be their pious duty to perpetuate atrocities on untouchable and expected rewards for such a conduct. The Hindu scriptures declared Untouchables as ‘Paapyoni ‘. Untouchables also bore these atrocities and torturous life as God’s will and as a result of bad deeds committed by them in their earlier Janmas (lives) and did not wage any struggle to come out of such situations.

Despite all this, the untouchables were termed as Hindus but they were not allowed to enter temples, fetch water from common well, were not allowed to live in the village and town habitations of Caste Hindus. They were not allowed to touch caste Hindus, even the fall of shadow of untouchable on them was taken as pollution needing penance and performance of rituals for purification. They were not allowed to wear gold and silver ornaments. They could never dream of a respectable life. These restrains and chains were imposed upon Sudras and Untouchables in the name of religion. They were passing life in utmost destitute, invective and harangue. It appeared as if they were born as slaves and would die as slaves. This so called land named Hindustanwas like hell for Sudras and Untouchables. Their condition was well explained by eminent poet Sir Iqbal in one of his poems when he said that “Ah…Hindustan is like hell for Sudra”.

They were insulted in the name of religion at all places. As it was written in the Hindu Scriptures that education is prohibited for Sudra and Women, as such the doors of schools were firmly shut for them. They were merely passing their life in extreme darkness and without any ray of hope, rather then getting up and striving for better tomorrow, they blamed their luck for their poor conditions. They took their abysmal condition as will of the God and fruit for their ill deeds in earlier Karmas (deeds). There population was spread across India in almost all the states, in Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh, Caste Hindu shopkeepers never use to accept money from them through hand, rather they were compelled to put money in a wooden spoon after washing the coin in the water bucket placed at each shop and the coin was picked by another picker from that wooden spoon. Similarly, the sold goods were never placed in their hand but put on a clamp for picking up. At public drinking water tanks, a separate funnel of wooden or iron was kept for Sudras to drink water. When thirsty, they use to take these funnels and Caste Hindus use to pour water from a distance in these funnels. Observance of Hindu Religion, rituals was much strict in the Southern parts of the country as compared to Northern India. Therefore, the Sudras and Untouchables were kept at prescribed distance while interacting with Caste Hindus in almost all parts of the country. As it was well established and practiced customary belief that even a shadow of a Sudra corrupts the Caste Hindu and their food, Sudras and Untouchables were kept at bay. In Madras state, Sudras were kept at fairly away from a Brahmin judge while giving evidence in the Court of Law. In Malabar state, Untouchables were not allowed to walk on the roads leading to temples. During the rein of Peshwas in Maharashtra, Untouchables were not allowed to walk on the road while Caste Hindu was walking. They were made to tie a black string either around their neck or on their arm for identification so that Caste Hindu can identify them from a distance and can protect themselves from their shadow or footprints. A promulgation existed in the Peshwa Raj laying down tying of a broom behind back and to hang an earthen pot in the neck for Untouchables so that their footprints are wiped out by the broom and while walking on roads they shall not spit on road but in the earthen pot handed in their neck.

In Rajashtan and Uttar Pradesh, Untouchable scavengers were made to wear hen feather in their headgear and use to make a special kind of alert while walking on road so that Caste Hindus may not touch them. If a utensil of Caste Hindus was mistakenly touched by an Untouchable, putting it in fire purified it. While solemnizing marriage, untouchables were prohibited to beat drum and other musical instruments while passing through pathways of Caste Hindu habitation. If any one dares to do so, there use to be bloody scuffles. Palanquins was prohibited, hence, untouchable bride and groom both had to compulsorily walk. The groom was not allowed to ride horse, which was a common ceremony while performing marriage. They have to get up when a Brahmin or a Kshtriya passes by, if he does not do so, he was mercilessly beaten and insulted. Their vocations and sources of livelihood were limited. Therefore, they were living under horrifying poverty. Due to poverty and lack of education they were living the life of an animal. Such conditions killed their spirit to tide over deplorable conditions. Hinduism considered Sudras and Untouchables as lowest and do not recognize them even a humans. When such a situation prevailed for millenniums, a person of ordinary knowledge can well imagine that plight of Sudras and Untouchables were like that of animals.

Most revered Baba Sahib Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar, possessing intense and deep knowledge, one of the most highly educated Indian of all times was born on 14 th April 1891 at Mhow Cantt. in Madhya Pradesh state in the family of untouchables. He was full of self-determination, bravery, keenness and possessed all needed qualities required for becoming a great man. Like any other untouchable, he also had to suffer and undergo atrocious discrimination in Hindu social, cultural and religious system. Every insult at the hands of Caste Hindus deeply affected his mind but each such incident fired up his inspiration and confidence and exhorted him to work for the cause of upliftment of Sudras and Untouchables. This became the sole purpose of his life, which he pursed till his last breath. He took upon himself the uphill task of ending untouchability in Hindu social, cultural and religious system and uplift the downtrodden untouchables.

Prior to Baba Sahib Ambedkar, a number of Social Reformers, Sadhus, Saints, Mahatmas born on this land and strive to work for removal of untouchability but they failed to diagnose the symptoms of untouchability in Hindu religious, social and cultural system and administered wrong medicine for the disease of untouchability in Hindu society. They only understood the outer symptoms of Untouchability. During deliberations in the Round Table Conferences in London, it was claimed by the representatives of upper castes that Gandhi was the sole representative of Untouchables and whatever he had said should be accepted as the people consider him Mahatma. Dr. Ambedkar roared and said that during last 5000 years in the history of India, Mahatmas have come and Mahatmas have gone but untouchables have remained untouchables. Therefore, whatever Gandhi says should not be accepted and the Government should prepare and implement a concrete for social, economic and political emancipation of untouchables. Baba Sahib Ambedkar went deep and tried to identify the germs, which have been spreading untouchability into Hindu social and religious order. He prepared himself with extremely potent tools in form of knowledge, capabilities, dedication and concern for the cause and waged a fierce fight against untouchability.

In the history of untouchable, he is the sole intellectual authority who after deep study told this world that the roots of untouchability are deeply embedded in the Vedas and Scriptures of Hinduism and they perpetuate atrocities, punishments, restrains and prohibitions on Sudras and deny them a dignified living as humans in the society. He held the firm views that the germs of untouchability grow in the minds of Caste Hindus from their birth itself and till these germs are destroyed, untouchability cannot be eradicated from the society. After deep and thorough research, Baba Sahib Ambedkar held the view that till Untouchables have faith in the Hindu Scriptures, they will remain untouchables. The Four Verna system in Hindu social order has been conferred divine dispensation and is propagated from time immemorial from one generation to another of Caste Hindus. The foundations of Hindu religion are firmly rooted in inequality, disdain for Sudras, perpetuating atrocities on them as a part of Religious duties by Caste Hindus and closing all paths leading to their progress. Baba Sahib Ambedkar tirelessly worked for and waged a struggle for breaking the chains of untouchability. By presenting the case of untouchables causes in most fearless manner at ‘Round Table Conferences’ at London, he proved himself to be an intellectual, philosopher and thinker par excellence. This served as a stepping-stone in the history of upliftment of untouchables in this land. He fought for political rights for untouchables and demanded Liberty and Equality for his people in the society. He won immense concessions in the field of education and state employment for his people. Due to his intense struggle, today a large number of untouchables are living a dignified life but they have failed to wage a struggle for their brethren. He roared like famous character of Bhim of Mahabharata and annihilated the perpetrator of untouchability through his deep knowledge and intellect. No one like revered BHIM (Baba Sahib Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar) was born before him and none will take birth after him.

Poorest of the poor, damned, destitute were provided a voice and were united to wage a struggle for their rights. This great miracle happened due to untiring efforts of Baba Sahib. Untouchables were united and they waged struggle for reclaiming human personality. Able guidance, deep knowledge, uncompromising leadership was provided by Baba Sahib Ambedkar. This opened floodgates of opportunities before them including government service and due to these efforts today you find them excelling in every field despite intense discrimination. If they would not have been educated, they may still have been engaged in the same vocations in which their forefathers were trapped. Baba Sahib infused energy and confidence in half dead, exploited, helpless and poor untouchables, which raised the spirit of self- confidence in them and this provided a new life to their coming generations.

It is said that Nazi regime inflicted the most gruesome genocide on the Jews during 20 th Century by killing around 7 million of them by the Second World War. This was termed as most gruesome and heinous crime against humanity. The conditions of untouchables were much worst. They are being there pain grief, exploitation for over 2500 years in far worst conditions than genocide. One cannot imagine the plight of those who are made defense less, penniless, uneducated slaves through sinister design for over two millenniums in most brutal manner and left to live like animals on this earth. In my humble opinion, there suffering are of much greater scale. Untouchables of this country have been meted out this treatment for thousands of years. There has been no comparable example in the history of world. Even the master of slaves in Europe and America use to touch them, use to take food cooked by them. Their masters used to send them for education and training in various trades. In the history of this country, Muslim slaves have established dynasties and crown was put on their head by the Afghans and Pathan Emperors, but on the other hand, in other Religion viz. Hinduism, there were categories of slaves whose touch was prohibited. They were no business, no service, no trade, no land, no wealth and no arms with them to protect themselves from their enemies. They were prohibited by religious command through scriptures to possess all above things. They suffered due to nauseating and torturous treatment given to them.

It is said that by sheer touch of Jesus and his disciple Peter who walked on this earth some 2000 years ago, the leapers use to recover and life was infused in dead bodies. I do not know whether this is correct or not. But we have seen in our life that Baba Sahib Ambedkar infused life in untouchables living like dead bodies. A Messiah who broke the shackles of untouchable slavery of thousand of years and none like him may perhaps take birth on this earth in coming times.

Baba Sahib Ambedkar, all his life, worked for creating a spirit of self-confidence amongst untouchables. Conversion from Hinduism was one of the arms he adopted and advocated for this purpose. In a massive congregation, he said that by merely changing names you cannot wipe out the stigma of untouchability. It would not be of much use, if Chamar calls himself as a Ramdasia or a Ravidasis or Ad Dharmi Sikh or non-Sikh, a Scavenger calls himself a Balmiki or Mazbi Sikh or a Mahar calls himself a Chokhmela Bhakt, calling themselves by such names would not take untouchability away. Arya Samajists, after purifying Chamars gave them the names, similarly called Dooms as Mahashyas, Meghs and Bhatwals as Bhagats.

All such sort of names and sobriquets given by the Caste Hindus failed to bring any improvement in the conditions of untouchables. One more such name was added when Gandhi gave the name as ‘Harijan’. In the eyes of Caste Hindus and other communities living in this country, such names and sobriquets denotes untouchability in a new paradigm. It must be known that untouchability cannot be wiped out from this society by such hypocritical actions. If a pauper is given the name Millionaire or a feeble is called King Kong, they do not become so merely by names. Similarly, the names such as Ravisadias, Mazbi, Balmiki, Chokhamela, Harijans, Aryas, Mahashas, Bhagats and so on cannot uplift the untouchables from the deep trench in which they have been pushed in for millenniums. The Gurus and Saints born amongst untouchables have somehow or other believed in Hindu religion. They were not much concerned about discovering relationship amongst human beings but their main focus was to discover relationship between man and God. Most of them did not propagated and strived for establishing an egalitarian society but kept on parrot like repetition that in the eyes of God all men are equal. In real sense, treating men as equal in society and striving for creating and egalitarian society and saying that all men are equal in the eyes of God are two different proposition. They dies while saying that there is no higher or lower Caste, the one who worships the God, he becomes one with him. Such Saints and Gurus did not have any solutions for social, educational, economic problems faced by the untouchables, which are of most importance for a human to progress in his life and become a valuable asset for society. They only taught, these poor untouchables, to accept their destitute conditions and get them indulged in their follow ship or worship of God. They never preached that all men are born equal and never tried to build the foundations of society on egalitarian principles, rather used this treacherously stratified four Verna system to run their own shops. All such Saints kept on reciting glorious songs in the name of Rama, Krishna, Madhav, Hari, Vishnu, Damodar etc. and further perpetuated the myth that they are the incarnation of God. They created heaps of literature in the names of such Devas further perpetuating and conferring devotional laurels on them. Therefore, these Saints, rather than striving to uproot untouchability and artificial discriminatory Verna system, kept on watering the roots of it and became instrumental in its spread further.

The untouchables can never expect their progress and empowerment if they keep on following Gods and Goddesses, celebrate festivals and going to worshipping places where they are being discriminated and have been exploited in the past. Considering themselves, as a part of exploitative order and then expecting progress of exploited classes cannot go hand in hand as both these are mutually exclusive. As one dwelling in dirty water cannot expect to drink clean and clear water or if you call illness by any other name one cannot expect to get rid of that illness or if venom or poison is called by any other name, it does not lose its basic characteristics of killing a person, similarly, while living in polluted Brahminical religions, social, cultural system, untouchables cannot expect to have a dignified existence in this society. As by taking relevant medicine one can expect to get rid of disease, similarly, the untouchables can expect to regain their lost rights and glory only if they leave the rancid and putrid exploitative social, cultural and religious system which through design have robbed them from their human personality. Baba Sahib Ambedkar said that Lost rights are never regained by appealing to the consciences of usurpers but through constant struggle and sacrifice, Only goats are used for oblation not the lions.”Till the time the Dalit people behave like goats, their exploitation will continue, the moment they empower themselves with proper understanding of exploitative design entwined in Brahminical social, cultural and religious system they will uproot it. If people exploited in such a system remains in exploitative system, one cannot expect in another thousand years to attain a life based on the principles of Liberty, Equality, Fraternity, to regain lost human personality and rightful place in society. Baba Sahib Ambedkar has aptly said, if any person keeps believing in a system in which he was exploited, made slave and disposed of his rightful entitlements, no one can emancipate him till he leave and reject that exploitative order. Therefore, it is in the interest of these exploited people to completely disconnect themselves from exploitative socio, cultural and religious system.

The movement of their awakening is on and is spreading at steady pace. A large number of dedicated missionaries of Phule–Ambedkar ideological mission are tirelessly dedicating their efforts in telling their own people on the exploitative Brahminical socio, cultural and religious order. The educated people who do not read their history and enlighten their generations about it are treading a dangerous path, which could spell doom on them.

Baba Sahib Ambedkar announced in 1935 that he was born as Hindu untouchable but he will not die as Hindu. Only in 1956, he converted to Buddha Dhamma. It took almost 21 years for a great man like Ambedkar to prepare him and his people. He studied the minutest details of prevailing religions in India and advocated following the Religion propagated by Lord Buddha. He was of the view that the social, cultural and religious foundations and understanding of Buddha Dhamma, Christianity and Islam are different from Brahminical religions stream. The way of life propagated by Thatagat Buddha is the scientific way of life, as this does not believe in high and low amongst humans, divide people in segments and attach purity and impurity with them. Comparative analysis reveals that Wisdom, Logic and Psychology are founding pillars of Buddha Dhamma. The principles enunciated in this religion could be tested on the yardstick of logic. Right Conduct, social equality, live and let live are the main founding pillars of the Dhamma propagated by Thatagat. It does not create Sudra and Untouchable in its order and treats every one equal.

World over, this country is held in immense reverence as Thatagat took birth on this land. Staunch opponents of Buddhism could not digest this admiration and veneration. They held Buddhism responsible for breaking their concocted, illogical and false myths that Brahmins are born from the mouth of Brahma while Sudras were born from his feet. Buddhism also negated and opposed animal oblation in Homas for happiness of Devtas. This truth was so bitter that the proponent and followers of Brahminical socio, cultural and religious system could not digest and left no stone unturned for uprooting Buddhism from the land of its birth. India rose to glorious pinnacle during the reigns of Emperor Chandragupt Mauraya and his descendent Priyadarshi Ashoka, the Great. His own Brahmin General Pushyamitra, killed King Vridrath, and the glory of Buddhism was overpowered and decimated by Brahminical religious, social and cultural ideology. Again, new editions of Brahminical scriptures were written establishing socio, cultural and religious supremacy of Brahminical doctrines which differentiated between man and man and introduced the concept of untouchability in the society. This newly created Religious literature and Codes of social interaction amongst people living in the society were conferred divine origination that pushed millions of human being into dark ages who were made to live their lives worse than slaves for thousands of years. This perpetuated mental slavery in the minds of such people who were unable to break the strong walls of this mental slavery for thousands of years. Ambedkar was born amongst such exploited classes of people. After studying the evil design of notorious people, Ambedkar made up his mind to leave Hinduism and converted to Buddhism on 14 th October 1956 with lakhs of people. On the conversion day, he declared that he is reborn, as he has come out of filth of Hindu Dharma. In the history of this country, after Ashoka the Great, it is Baba Sahib Ambedkar who revived Buddhism. Venerated Baba Sahib Ambedkar, like an able physician, diagnosed the problem of untouchability and worked through out his life to treat and cure the patients of untouchability. He became their “Liberator”. He very well knew that the roots of untouchability are in the Brahminical religion. He infused life in the mentally, psychologically, pauperized and lifeless untouchables and liberated them from such slavery. He exhorted them to adopted Buddhism if they want to get rid of mental slavery. It is an everlasting truth that whatever Ambedkar has done for his people no saint or Mahatma, Guru, Rishi or Muni has ever thought of doing.

Why Ambedkar converted to Buddhism? The main purpose behind such a decision was to unite the segregated and spread out untouchable castes for the purpose of developing one culture and society on the lines of Muslims and Christians with the purpose that by such a move, untouchable castes would become force to recon with in the affairs of this country and become a ruling class over a period of time. In one of his addresses, he exhorted his followers by telling them to write on the walls of their houses that they were slaves of yester years but they want to become ruler of this land. He wanted his people to come out of treacherous web of Brahminical scriptures believing in Soul and God, Gods and Goddesses, incarnation of God, yagyas, religious travels, Sharadha, born high and born low and untouchability. He wanted to attach the exploited masses of India with outside vibrant world of Buddhism. The Buddhist, world over believes India as pious place because Thatagat took birth on this land. He wanted to link Indian Buddhist with this enormous world community believing in the gospel of Buddha.

Baba Sahib Ambedkar was of the view that Dharma is required only by poor and exploited. Exploited, destitute, grief-stricken and depressed people require the solace of religion. Poor people live on the hope that conditions for them will improve. If even this solace is not there, the life for them becomes an unbearable burden, a motionless activity. Dharma makes everyone a positive thinking person. It gives a message to poor, exploited and destitute persons that there is no need to worry as the life is full with hope and the hope shall bring better life to them. This is the sole solace that leaves an indelible imprint of Dharma on the minds of poor, exploited and destitute and they remain firmly attached to the religion. He says, when Christianity was spreading in Europe, in those days, the conditions of Rome and surrounding areas around it were pathetic. People were not having mouthful to eat and few spoonful of porridge or Khichdi use to be distributed to the fill the stomach. In such times, the gospel of Christianity was spreading, poor, destitute, distressed and harassed people were following that religion. Exploited, harassed and grief-stricken people became followers of this religion. Lord Gibbon once said that Christianity is a religion of beggars. This religion became the religion of whole Europe and later on spread to many other countries on other continents. Lord Gibbon did not live long enough to get the answer of his comment and even if he had survived he would have himself seen the answer to his comment.

Baba Sahib further says that some people may say that Buddhism is a religion of Bhangis and Chamars. Brahmins use to address even Thatagat Buddha in disrespectful manner. But we must know that in foreign countries, if you place pictures of Rama, Krishna and Shanker for sale, none will buy them but on the contrary, if you place the pictures of Tathagat Buddha, none of the picture will be left with you. In other words, outside India, if anyone is known, it is only Lord Buddha, then how can one stop the spread of such a vibrant Dhamma which believes in welfare of all beings. Some people would say what difference it would make if untouchables become Buddhist. This is a very cunning and malicious question. Rich people do not require religion. Those who are on high positions they have luxurious life. They have palatial house to live in and army of servants to look after them. Hence, for such person there is no necessity of any religion. Its only Tathagat Buddha who waged a fierce battle against inhuman inequalities and unnatural classification of humans through Four Verna system. He uprooted and inactivated this unnatural and artificial Verna system from this land for around 1400 years.

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar administered and prescribed 22 vows to his followers during the historic religious conversion to Buddhism on 15 October 1956 at Deeksha Bhoomi, Nagpur in India. The conversion to Buddhism by around 800,000 people was historic because it was the largest religious conversion, the world has ever witnessed. He prescribed these oaths so that there may be complete severance of bond with Hinduism. These 22 vows struck a blow at the roots of Hindu beliefs and practices. These vows could serve as a bulwark to protect Buddhism from confusion and contradictions. These vows could liberate converts from superstitions, wasteful and meaningless rituals, which have led to pauperization of masses and enrichment of upper castes of Hindus.

The famous 22 vows are:

  • I shall have no faith in Brahma, Vishnu and Mahesh nor shall I worship them.
  • I shall have no faith in Rama and Krishna who are believed to be incarnation of God nor shall I worship them.
  • I shall have no faith in ‘Gauri’, ‘Ganapatii’ and other gods and goddesses of Hindus nor shall I worship them.
  • I do not believe in the incarnation of God.
  • I do not and shall not believe that Lord Buddha was the incarnation of Vishnu. I believe this to be sheer madness and false propaganda.
  • I shall not perform ‘Shraddha’ nor shall I give ‘Pind-Dan’.
  • I shall not act in a manner violating the principles and teachings of the Buddha.
  • I shall not allow any ceremonies to be performed by Brahmins.
  • I shall believe in the equality of man.
  • I shall endeavor to establish equality.
  • I shall follow the ‘Noble Eightfold Path’ of the Buddha.
  • I shall follow the Paramitas prescribed by the Buddha.
  • I shall have compassion and loving kindness for all living beings and protect them.
  • I shall not steal.
  • I shall not tell lies.
  • I shall not commit carnal sins.
  • I shall not take intoxicants like liquor, drugs etc.
  • I shall endeavor to follow the noble eightfold path and practice compassion and loving kindness in every day life.
  • I renounce Hinduism which is harmful for humanity and impedes the advancement and development of humanity because it is based on inequality, and adopt Buddhism as my religion.
  • I firmly believe the Dhamma of the Buddha is the only true religion.
  • I believe that I am having a re-birth.
  • I solemnly declare and affirm that I shall hereafter lead my life according to the principles and teachings of the Buddha and his Dhamma.

If you analyze, the first six vows were administered for taking out the Brahminical religious, cultural and social filth from the minds of followers. The next seven vows (seven to thirteen) were relating to inculcating Buddhist Dhamma in the life of human being. The further nine vows (fourteen to twenty two) were relating of building human personality on the laudable ideals propagated by Tathagat for humans.

Summing up:

Today, millions of Untouchables are enjoying benefits of struggle waged by Baba Sahib Ambedkar. A large number of people from these depressed and exploited classes are living dignified, respectable and easy life. Today most of them are having facilities and luxuries, which their forefathers of a generation ago may not even have dreamt. There is no second though while saying that most of them have turned out to be utmost selfish, self-centered and thankless persons. They neither have started any movement for improving the conditions of their own less educated poor kith and kin nor they could move themselves on the path shown by the Venerable Baba Sahib. Some enjoy the representation in Parliament and State Legislatures in large number but they hardly take up any matter concerning their own people. A number of them have risen to the apex level in the administration of the affairs of the state, but have miserably failed to educate, guide and enthuse motivation in their own people. A good number of them suffer from phobia of inferiority complex and only remember Baba Sahib Ambedkar when in trouble. Generally, a good number of them behave like Caste Hindus and try to conceal their identity. Except in few pockets of this country, they have failed to raise their voice on the discrimination faced by them and their fellow beings.

Educated Class in any community of people provides the leadership and wages a social movement for attainment of their lost rights. But I lament while saying that the educated class of untouchables has served as stumbling block in building together a social movement for tilting the balance of power in their favour. The fearful facts is that the state of affairs in a state where the % of population of Scheduled Caste is the highest in the country is quite pathetic. When I say so, I am referring to Punjab.

Friends, every day is a new day. Every moment is an auspicious moment. If we could not think on these lines all yesterdays, ….Oh…brethren of mine, let’s resolve today this very moment to start thinking and acting by come together and to strive for attainment of rightful place as empowered human beings in this society. For the knowledge and for the betterment of our generations, it is our pious duty to enlighten them by telling;

  • That Tathagat Buddha walked on this land and demolished the false and stratified social, religious, cultural system and librated the masses by propagating fresh gospel.
  • That their forefathers were the original inhabitants of this land;
  • That the king like Priyadarshi Asoka the Great was born here who established a just order and in whose reign thiscountry was called “Golden Sparrow”.
  • That saint like Kabir, Ravidass, Chokhamela were born here who preached equality and compassion.
  • That Rashtrapita Jyoti Rao Phule and Mata Savitri Bhai Phule, great human beings of extreme compassion and knowledge devoted their whole life for empowerment and upliftment of untouchables.
  • That Liberator like Baba Sahib Ambedkar was born amongst them who worked and fought tirelessly and enabled them of capabilities for taking the struggle forward.

Friends, the Liberator like Tathagat and Venerable Baba Sahib Ambedkar take birth on this earth once in thousands of years, hence, lucky are those who come to know them and groomed under their teachings and compassion. Sadly, persons of our generation are not such lucky ones. Nevertheless, sanctimonious responsibility of taking this struggle forward has been fallen upon all of us. Let’s, without any hesitation, come together and follow the time-tested path shown by our emancipators. On this Birth Anniversary of Baba Sahib Bhim Rao Ramji Ambedkar, all of us may pledge to;

  • Let’s strive to tread on the paths shown by the Liberator;
  • Let’s become our own guiding light;
  • Let’s move to build a fraternity of empowered Dalit humanity;
  • Let’s work together for unity and attainment of human rights of disposed Dalits.
  • Let’s work together to build an egalitarian and strong Bharat.

It is time to get up and act than to sit and observe.

Jai Bhim…..Jai Bharat.

Rajinder Kashyap New Delhi .
Posted on April 28, 2009

The Messiah of Dalits and Downtrodden
- Babasahib Dr. B.R. Ambedkar -

One may love it or one may hate but one has to accept and acknowledge the fact that Ambedkarism has been a movement of assertion of downtrodden in the history of India in recent times. Ambedkar has been a voice of downtrodden of this country and for their cause he has dedicated his whole life and works. Dalits have placed Ambedkar at the top of the world and he is no less than a God for them. He wrote extensively on the problems of Caste, Muslims, minorities and women in India. He richly contributed towards constructions of democratic independent India.

Bhim Rao Ramji Ambedkar was born on 14th April 1891 at Mhow, a small town in the then princely state of Indore state. He was the fourteenth child of father Ramji Sakpal and mother Bhima Bai belonging to the Mahar caste, which was considered a low untouchable caste by the caste Hindus. The Mahars were, however, among untouchables and were considered to be a sort of martial race. They were considered important army strength in Maratha army from time of Shivaji. The grandfather, farther and six uncles of B. R. Ambedkar were in the army all of them were holding the rank of Subedar Major, which was an achievement in the Indian Army under the British. The father of B. R. Ambedkar was a Subedar Major in army and was a teacher in Army School.

The young Ambedkar, at a very tender age had to face humiliation and disgrace at the hands of upper caste Hindus when he started education in primary school. He was made to sit outside the classroom so that his presence did not pollute other boys. He and his brother were not allowed to drink water from the school well and they had to often remain thirsty the whole day. Bhimrao’s attitude towards Hinduism and its rigidly and deep-rooted caste system could be traced to these insults and humiliations suffered by him at an age when a young mind makes impressions about things around him.

During study in school Bhimrao used Ambavadekar as his surname and the same was derived from their ancestral village called Ambavade. A benevolent and compassionate teacher becoming interested in young, well-mannered and humble Bhimrao changed his surname to Ambedkar and he came to be known as Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar. He passed his matriculation examinations in 1908 and completed his graduation in 1912 on the scholarship given by Maharaja of Baroda, Sayajirao Gaekwad. He completed his Master of Arts and doctorate in Economics from Columbia University, Master of Science and Doctorate of science in economics from London School of Economics and Political Science, Barrister at law from Grey’s Inn, London. It was an achievement par excellence for a small town untouchable boy at the end of 19th century to attain such high education and high degrees. This superior educational knowledge further boosted Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar to vigorously purse the cause of downtrodden and also to lead the growing movement of India’s downtrodden. The mixture of several factors like the openings of mobility provided by British colonial rule, the help of a few progressive and far sighted individuals, wealthy and upper caste social reformers, sacrificial support from his family besides his own sheer grit and determination contributed immensely towards his success.

On completion of his studies he came back to India in 1924 and in compliance to the bond which he signed before with Maharaja of Baroda for scholarship went to serve the Princely state and was appointed as Military Secretary to the Maharaja. He found it utmost difficult to find a place to stay in Baroda. He wrote and narrated in one of his speeches; “Neither a Hindu nor a Moslem was prepared to rent out a house to me in any locality, I decided to get accommodated in a Parsi Dharmsala. After having stayed in America and England, I had developed a fair complexion and impressive personality. Giving myself a Parsi name, ‘Adalji Sorabji’….. But soon the people got the wind of the fact that His Highness of Maharaja Gaekwad of Baroda had appointed a Mahar boy as an officer in his Durbar. My living in Parsi dharamsala under the assumed name gave rise to suspicion and my secret was out soon.”

So he tendered his resignation to Maharaja and left for Bombay, once Maharaja of Baroda came to know the behavior meted out to Ambedkar in Baroda he waived the condition of 10 years service in the State of Baroda stipulated at the time of granting him scholarship for higher studies. Besides legal practice at Bombay High Court, he also started active public career as a social worker, a politician, a writer and an educationist. The indications of his activities and his future mission of his life he gave even before he left for England the second time. He brought out a Marathi fortnightly, Mook Nayak from December 1919 to June 1920. He was emerging as a leader of the downtrodden and in that capacity he gave evidence before the Southborough Reforms (Franchise) committee, claiming political rights for the Depressed Classes. He was getting involved more and more in the social and political activities and a big step forward was initiated by him in this direction by organizing ‘Bahishkrit Hitkarini Sabha’ in 1924. The main objectives of the Sabha were; to promote and expand education among the Depressed Classes by opening hostels or by employing such other means as may seem necessary or desirable; to promote the spread of culture among the Depressed Classes by opening libraries, social centres and classes or study circles; and advance and improve the economic condition of the Depressed Classes by starting industrial and agricultural schools. He started four boarding houses in the Bombay Presidency in five years. He vehemently attacked the village life structure in India; termed as a cesspool of Casteism and a breeding grounds of untouchability in Hindu society. The need for such boarding houses arose because high caste Hindu students would not like to live and dine with the untouchables. These hostels proved a boon for the ‘low-caste’ students. He also started some newspapers and journals to spread the message of the Sabha as he felt that speeches, meetings and resolutions passed in those meetings were not enough.

In addition to advocating, urging and writing on the problems of untouchables, Ambedkar adopted the method of agitation to get justice for untouchables. In March 1927 he led his followers to Chavdar Talen (Chowdar Tank) a public tank in Mahad. The Untouchables were not allowed to drink water from the tank. Ambedkar and his supporters during this agitation marched to the tank and drank water from the tank and broke age-old pitiless custom. He firmly believed that the ancient Hindu Law Book namely Manusmriti was the mother of caste system and untouchability in Hindu society, therefore, he burnt a copy of Manusmriti in a protest against the caste system. These agitations and leadership capabilities of Ambedkar established him as a leader of the downtrodden and the then government also acknowledged this when he was nominated to the Bombay Legislative Assembly for which he remained a member and served competently from 1926 to 1934. During his stint as a member of Bombay Assembly he introduced several bills for the welfare of the untouchables, peasants and workers, but most of these were not passed because the majority was with the orthodox members. In 1928 he was appointed as a lecturer in the Government Law College, Bombay and subsequently its Principal. In 1935 he was made Perry Professor of Jurisprudence, which was a coveted honor.

He represented the causes of untouchables and other downtrodden as a delegate to the three Round Table Conference held in London (1930-33). During these conferences he advocated forcefully that the untouchables were a minority and should get the same treatment like other minorities such as Muslims, Sikhs, Christians and demanded separate electorates. During Second Round Table conference which was attended by Gandhi as the sole representative of the Congress, there was confrontation and sever argumentations between Gandhi and Ambedkar. As there could not arrive any consensus between delegates the British Prime Minister Ramsay Macdonald was authorized to give the award / verdict on the conference. The decision that came out after the Conference is called as Communal Award and was announced on 17th August 1932. As a result Ambedkar won separate electorate for Depressed Classes. This was not taken kindly by then leadership and was not acceptable to Gandhi, he undertook fast unto death and Ambedkar was pressurized and coerced to yield to the wishes of Gandhi and Poona Pact was signed. As per the pact, the reservation of seats reserved for the Depressed Classes in the provincial as well as central assemblies were increased but the separate electorates were abolished. However, he was established as a tall, knowledgeable and undisputed leader of the Depressed Classes. He often used to say, “Mahatma’s have come and Mahatma’s have gone, but the untouchables have remained untouchables.” He exhorted his followers to struggle for their rights in the Hindu society. He said, lost rights are never regained by appealing to the consciences of usurpers but by constant struggle and sacrifice, only goats are used for oblation not the lions.

Ambedkar wanted to establish himself as a political leader and he founded the Independent Labor Party in October 1936, which captured all the seats in the Bombay Presidency that were reserved for the Scheduled Castes. In April 1942 he floated the Scheduled Castes Federation as an all India party bringing all the Scheduled Castes under its banner. He attached utmost importance to the education for his communities. One of the main objectives of the Bahishkrit Hitkarini Sabha was to provide facilities for the children of the untouchables to pursue purposeful education in schools and colleges. He founded Peoples Education Society in July 1945 and that established a number of colleges in the Bombay Presidency for the Scheduled Caste students including the Siddhartha College Bombay. He was nominated as a Labour member of the Governor General’s Executive Council.

Ambedkar’s contribution in drafting the Constitution for independent India is unquestionable. Infact, he single handedly drafted the Constitution for independent India. He spent long hours in converting the discussions and discourses of the Constituent Assembly in appropriate legal language in form of the Constitution, rich and deserving tributes were paid by the learned members of the Constituent Assembly. He was called as modern Manu who gave India a new and democratic regime, paying a rich tribute to Ambedkar for his tireless efforts in making the Constitution, another fellow Maharashtrian said “ I call this Constitution the Mahar Law because Dr. Ambedkar is a Mahar and now…….we shall have the law of Manu replaced by law of Mahar and I hope that unlike the law of Manu under which there was never a prosperity in the country, the Mahar law will make India virtually paradise”. He cautioned the nation of fallouts if the nation failed to realize the needs of becoming a nation and not working towards creating a nation where Liberty, Equality and Fraternity is vibrant. His last speech at the time of acceptance of new Constitution was a peak moment in Ambedkar’s life. The modern Manu is a symbol of progress and advancement for the Dalits and downtrodden in independent India.

Seeing brutal, heartless, vicious and exploitative caste system and unwillingness on the part of Hindus to correct this he stated “ I was born a Hindu and have suffered the consequences of untouchability. I will not die as a Hindu.” In 1940 he republished Laxmi Narasu’s ‘The Essence of Buddism’ and subsequently wrote a book ‘The Buddha and His Dhamma’ explaining the meaning and significance of Buddhism. He along with his wife and 0.4 millions followers took Diksha and administered the vow to his followers. The followers in their collectively vow committed themselves to new life free from the system of high and low and never ending violence sustained under Hinduism.

Ambedkar fought a different war of freedom for most oppressed sections of society in India. His freedom struggle was based on the principles of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity, these were first announced during French revolution, further taken to US Liberation war and subsequently affected the societies and groups of people across the countries in the whole world. He was a great nationalist, democrat and a firm believer in social justice. He was a vociferous writer and thinker and social reformer. During is lifetime he wrote many books and left behind a massive collection of notes, writings essays and other unfinished works on various subject matters.


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CASTEISM WORSE THAN RACIALISM


During last fortnight or so, a kind of frenzy has prevailed in the media of this country on the issue of alleged racial treatment meted out to actress Shilpa Shetty who went to England to participate in a reality TV show “Big Brother” by some other participating actors of that country. This has been made a headline story in a good number of Indian newspapers and has also been prime time news at a number of TV Channels. No doubt that the incident requires unequivocal condemnation by one and all. No one should be allowed to follow such condemnable practices while interacting with other human beings. It is sad that such behavioral patterns prevail in the land of Locke, Bentham, James Mill and J.S Mill who were staunch supporters of liberal democracy and utilitarian principle advocating maximum good of maximum numbers.
The real intentions and motive for such disclosures are a matter of debate as the complainant in this case had initially complained through media and subsequently retracted from the earlier assertions. Everyone participating in the show “Big Brother” was paid huge amount for participation and it is gathered from media reports that Indian actress in this case was paid around Rs. 3.5 crores. Hence, it could also be inferred that this could be a gimmick to garner publicity for the programme. Most important thing for a human being is to live in a dignified manner but the complainant in this case did not quit the show.
I am perplexed and the matter which bothers me the most is the issue that how a society which has been so undemocratic, stratified the human being in castes, believes in born high and born low, purities and impurities by birth, denies the rightful dues of downtrodden, exploited the dalits and untouchable communities for time immemorial can morally claim that whatever happened in Britain was wrong. Did they ever take up the issues of exploitation of untouchables and Dalits so vehemently and so loudly in their own land? The answer is a big No. The history of this country indicates that some eminent persons of this country had initiated struggle against racialism in foreign lands for claiming basic right but the same people had miserably failed to obliterate the vicious caste system in India. This system served and protected the interests of powerful few in the Hindu society and to make it permanent, it was provided a divine emergence.
The caste system cannot be treated as division of labor as in no civilized society division of labour is accompanied by unnatural division based on watertight compartments. This is not a segregation based on choice, individual sentiments and individual preferences but based on dogma of predestination. There is no racial affinity in the castes, it is merely a social division of people of same race based on the principles of purity of blood, intermarrying and interdining. It is a social system, which embodies the arrogance and selfishness of a perverse section of Hindu society who was superior enough in social status and has authority to force it on their inferiors. There has been no example in history of mankind where people belonging to same race and colour,eating almost same food, observing same value system and even worshipping same Gods have been exploited, declared socially untouchable, besides attaching a number of impurities to them.
In the mind of Hindu, there exists a consciousness of caste. This is the main reason why this country cannot be called a well-knit society or a nation. The Caste system prevents common activity and by doing so it has prevented Hindu society from becoming a collective and unified society observing collective and unified life thus killing the spirit of communion. It has been all along propagated by the holy men that in the eyes of God all men are equal but in actual practice they are fastened in the different castes from the very birth. Caste has killed public spirit, destroyed sense of public charity, and made public opinion impossible. In Hindu society and social order a man’s public identity is his caste, his duties are towards his caste, his loyalties are towards his caste, virtues and qualities have become caste ridden and so happened in the case of morality. There is no sympathy towards the deserving.
The caste is based on the principles of purity of race and blood.It is a social system exemplify the arrogance and selfishness of perverse section of Hindu society who have been superior enough in social status to prescribe it as a divine law and who had authority to force it on their inferiors. It has completely demoralized and disorganized the Hindu society. A caste has no connection to other castes except when they are in conflict with section of other religious groups. The caste consciousness amongst the Hindu society is so strong that wherever the Hindus go in this universe, they take their caste along for practicing.
Once upon a time, Hindu religious philosophy may have been a missionary philosophy that is why it could spread far and wide but it ceases to be a missionary religious philosophy and massagers of equality, love,affection and humanity when it allowed the ugly Caste system to emerge. The situation was further wor- sened when divine dispensation was ordained on the Caste system by intellectu-
als of Hindu society.
‘Ahinsa Parmo Dharma’ is publicized as cardinal gospel of truth in Hindu society. This is not true, the conditions prevailing in Hindu society could be und- erstood in the words of Morris, “The great treading down the little,the strong beating down the weak, cruel men fearing not, kind men daring not and wise men caring not”. This is surely due to the Caste. The caste has not allowed the comm- union to build and pitched people against each other for benefits of few high placed in the hierarchy of Hindu social order. This caste system has prevented Hindus from becoming a one unison and integrated wholesome group of people.
The names Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya and Shudras are associated with a definite and fixed notion in the minds of every Hindu. This notion is based on hierarchical order starting with Brahmins at top and Shudras at bottom and is based in birth. This is further compounded and made complicated by notions, sentiments, mental attitudes, purities and impurities attached with each group. So long as these notions, sentiments, mental attitudes remains,it cannot be said that caste from Hindu social order has evaporated. Even today these notions, sentiments, mental attitudes determines the person’s behavior and attitude towards others in Hindu society. No amount of reforms will become fruitful till old caste based notions, attitudes and sentiments are prevailing in the minds and are reflected in behavioral patterns by the socially high towards socially low.
The scheme of four (chatur) Varna resembles to the Platonic utopian ideas on division of labour propounded in his treatises “Republic”. It is not possible to slot human being in the pigeonholes. But Chatur Varna system has usurped all the rights and claims of Shudras for many thousand years. It was the ugly design and scheme by which Shudras were denied education and wealth and were not allowed to bear arms. This was a grand design hatched to keep them as a slave and subservient to other higher castes.
Hindu social order is an uneven field. As all of us know that uneven fields do not produce best and maximum yield. Hence for the best yield, the field of Hindu social order is required to be leveled and made even for best of this country. The barriers set forth by caste in form of notions, attitudes, social purities and impurities needs to be shunned and buried down deep by Hindu society if it wants to become a unison and integral whole.
No modern sovereign state can aspire to become a power at world stage if it tries to denigrate, demoralize and rob opportunities from social groups on the basis of caste and color. This fact was realized in USA long back and affirmative action with clear consciences and dedication were made to improve the conditions of black people. But same clear consciences, honest and dedication do not prevail in this country. This compels me to ponder upon the question ‘Will India ever become a power in the World without social democracy / social equality?’ If I have to answer this question today, the answer would be No because casteism prevails strong in the minds of Hindu society and it is a vicious system that diminishes, paralyses, and cripples the people from helpful and collective activities.
Each community irrespective of their social hierarchy, have legitimate and equal rights over the resources of this country, artificial segmentation based on caste is a biggest hindrance in building a vibrant community of people in this country. It would be appropriate for all concern to delve upon the issue of caste in all sincerity. The concerns for upliftment of dalits, backwards and minorities have to be sincere supported by proper environment adequate opportunities and resources. The concerns and actions have to be real not symbolic and perfunctory.



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